Gabatarwa:
Muhalli, Lafiya da Fa'idodin Tattalin Arziki - Menene ainihin Takaddun shaida na LEED? Me yasa yake da mahimmanci a cikin gine-ginen zamani?
A zamanin yau, abubuwa da yawa suna jefa muhalli cikin haɗari a rayuwar zamantakewar mu ta zamani. Tsarin ababen more rayuwa mara dorewa, sharar robobi da ƙarar hayaƙin carbon duk suna da alhakin wannan al'amari. Kwanan nan, duk da haka, mutane sun fahimci bukatar kare muhalli daga cutarwa. A wani bangare na wannan yunƙurin, gwamnatoci suna ƙoƙarin rage hayaƙin carbon daga masana'antar gine-gine. Ana iya samun raguwar fitar da hayaki ta hanyar siyan kayayyaki masu ɗorewa da aiwatar da hanyoyin gini masu ɗorewa.
Tare da karuwar buƙatun gine-gine masu ɗorewa, takaddun shaida na LEED yana kawo masana'antar ginin mataki ɗaya kusa da samun dorewa.
- Menene Takaddar LEED?
LEED (Jagora a Makamashi da Tsarin Muhalli) tsari ne na kimanta ginin kore. Manufar ita ce ta yadda ya kamata a rage mummunan tasiri a kan yanayi da mazauna a cikin zane. Manufar ita ce daidaita cikakkiyar madaidaicin ra'ayi na gine-ginen kore da kuma hana wuce gona da iri na gine-gine. Majalisar Gine-gine ta Amurka ce ta kafa LEED kuma ta fara aiwatar da ita a shekara ta 2000. An jera ta a matsayin ma'auni na wajibi a wasu jihohi da ƙasashe a Amurka.
LEED yana wakiltar jagoranci a cikin makamashi da ƙirar muhalli. TheMajalisar Gine-gine ta Amurka (USGBC)ya haɓaka takaddun shaida na LEED. Ya ƙirƙiri LEED don taimakawa ƙirƙirar gine-ginen kore masu inganci. Sabili da haka, LEED yana tabbatar da gine-ginen muhalli. Wannan takaddun shaida yana kimanta ƙira da gina gine-gine bisa dalilai daban-daban.
USGBC tana ba da takaddun takaddun shaida guda huɗu na LEED ga gine-ginen da ke shiga cikin shirin. Yawan maki gine-ginen da aka samu yana ƙayyade matsayin su. Waɗannan matakan sune:
- LEED ƙwararrun gine-gine (maki 40-49)
- LEED Ginin Azurfa (maki 50-59)
- Ginin LEED Gold (maki 60-79)
- LEED Platinum Gina (maki 80 da sama)
A cewar Majalisar Gine-ginen Green Green na Amurka, Takaddun shaida na LEED wata alama ce da aka amince da ita ta samun dorewa a duniya.
Darajar takardar shaidar LEED a cikin gine-ginen zamani
Don haka, menene fa'idodin takaddun shaida na LEED? Babban ɓangare na al'ummar duniya suna rayuwa, aiki da karatu a cikin ƙwararrun gine-ginen LEED. Dalilan da yasa takardar shaidar LEED ke da mahimmanci a gine-ginen zamani sun haɗa da:
amfanin muhalli
Misali, a Amurka, gine-gine na da kaso mai yawa na makamashi da ruwa da wutar lantarki da al'ummar kasar ke amfani da su. Hakanan yana lissafin babban ɓangaren hayaƙin CO2 (kimanin 40%). Koyaya, aikin LEED yana taimaka wa sabbin gine-gine da na yanzu su ɗauki hanya mai dorewa. Ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodin ginin kore ta hanyar LEED shine ceton ruwa.
LEED yana ƙarfafa amfani da ƙarancin ruwa da sarrafa ruwan guguwa. Hakanan yana ƙarfafa amfani da madadin hanyoyin ruwa. Ta wannan hanyar, ceton ruwa na gine-ginen LEED zai karu. Gine-gine suna haifar da kusan rabin iskar CO2 na duniya. Tushen carbon a cikin gine-gine sun haɗa da makamashi don yin famfo da magance ruwa. Sauran hanyoyin sun hada da maganin sharar gida da makamashin burbushin don dumama da sanyaya.
LEED yana taimakawa rage fitar da iskar CO 2 ta hanyar ba da ladan ayyukan fitar da sifiri. Hakanan yana ba da lada ayyukan da ke haifar da dawo da kuzari mai kyau. Ƙididdigar gine-ginen LEED kuma suna haifar da ƙarancin hayakin iskar gas. Wadannan hayaki yawanci suna fitowa daga ruwa, datti da kuma sufuri. Wani fa'idar muhalli na takaddun shaida na LEED shine cewa yana ƙarfafa rage yawan kuzari.
Masana'antar gine-gine na samar da miliyoyin ton na sharar gida a kowace shekara. LEED yana ƙarfafa canja wurin sharar gida daga wuraren sharar gida. Hakanan yana ba da lada mai dorewa da sarrafa sharar gini kuma yana ƙarfafa tattalin arzikin madauwari gabaɗaya. Suna samun maki lokacin da aikin ya sake yin fa'ida, sake amfani da kayan aiki. Hakanan suna samun maki lokacin da suke amfani da kayan ɗorewa.
Amfanin lafiya
Lafiya shine mafi mahimmancin damuwa na mutane da yawa. Yin amfani da tsarin ƙimar LEED don gina gine-ginen kore zai taimaka wa mutane su rayu da aiki a cikin yanayi mai kyau. Gine-ginen LEED suna mayar da hankali kan lafiyar gida da waje.
Mutane suna kashe kusan kashi 90% na lokacinsu a gida. Duk da haka, yawan gurɓataccen gida yana iya ninka sau biyu zuwa biyar fiye da na gurɓataccen waje. Illar rashin lafiyar da ake samu a iskar cikin gida ciwon kai ne. Sauran illolin sune gajiya, cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan numfashi.
LEED yana haɓaka ingancin iska na cikin gida ta hanyar tsarin ƙimar sa. An tsara matsugunan da aka tabbatar da LEED don samar da iska mai tsabta da ingantacciyar iska. LEED kuma yana ƙarfafa haɓakar wuraren da ke karɓar hasken rana. Waɗannan wurare kuma ba su ƙunshi sinadarai masu ban haushi da aka saba samu a fenti ba.
A cikin ginin ofis, yanayi mai kyau na cikin gida zai iya inganta haɗin gwiwar ma'aikata. Irin wannan yanayi yana da tsabtataccen iska da isasshen hasken rana. Wasu fa'idodin gine-gine masu ƙwararrun LEED sun haɗa da ƙarin aiki da ƙimar riƙewa. A irin wannan wuri mai lafiya, ingancin aikin ma'aikata shima yana da girma.
Ƙididdigar gine-ginen LEED na iya inganta ingancin iska a waje, musamman a yankunan masana'antu sosai. Don haka, LEED yana da mahimmanci wajen iyakance hayaki. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don sanya iskar jama'a mafi koshin lafiya.
aikin tattalin arziki
LEED na iya taimakawa wajen adana farashi. Yin amfani da hasken wuta na LED zai iya rage yawan farashin makamashi. Haka lamarin yake tare da ƙarin hanyoyin dumama da sanyaya masu ƙarfi. LEED yana ƙarfafa yin amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin ceton makamashi da adana kuɗi.
Gine-ginen LEED kuma suna da ƙarancin kulawa. Wato idan aka kwatanta da gine-ginen kasuwanci na yau da kullun. Kudin aiki na koren gine-gine shima yayi kadan.
Gine-gine masu ƙwararrun LEED kuma suna jin daɗin ƙarfafa haraji da abubuwan ƙarfafawa. Yawancin ƙananan hukumomi suna ba da waɗannan fa'idodi. Waɗannan fa'idodin sun haɗa da kuɗin haraji, cire kuɗin kuɗi da tallafi. Ginin kuma yana iya jin daɗin izinin gini na gaggawa da sauƙi na kuɗi.
Wasu wurare suna gudanar da binciken makamashi. Takaddun shaida na LEED yana ba da damar keɓance gine-gine daga tantancewa, don haka adana kuɗin aikin. Gine-ginen LEED kuma suna ƙara ƙima ga kadarorin. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan gine-gine suna jawo hankalin masu haya. Yawan guraben guraben gine-ginen ya yi ƙasa da na gine-gine marasa kore.
Takaddun shaida na LEED kuma yana ba da fa'ida ga gasa. Kwanan nan, abokan ciniki sun zama masu kula da muhalli. Yawancin mutane suna shirye su biya ƙarin don kayayyaki da sabis na kamfanoni waɗanda su ma ke kula da muhalli. Ƙarin abokan ciniki yana nufin ƙarin kudaden shiga.
taƙaitawa
LEED yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na ƙasa da ƙasa don ci gaba mai dorewa a cikin ƙira da gine-gine. Takaddun shaida na LEED yana nuna amfani da hanyoyin gini waɗanda ke haɓaka tattalin arzikin madauwari kuma suna da alaƙa da muhalli. Samun takaddun shaida na iya inganta sunan 'yan kwangila da masu shi.
Tare da karuwar buƙatar dorewa, takaddun shaida na LEED ya zama ƙara mahimmanci. Yana amfanar masana'antar gine-gine kuma yana buɗe hanya don tsarin ɗabi'a na gine-gine mai dorewa. Gabaɗaya, LEED ta himmatu don tabbatar da cewa duniya ta fi dorewa da lafiya.
Tabbas, ban da LEED, tsarin kimanta koren gini na duniya kuma ya haɗa da:Kimanta Gine-ginen Koren ChinaStandard GB50378-2014, daƘimar Gine-ginen BirtaniyyaTsarin (BREE-AM), daTsarin Ƙimar Ƙimar Ayyukan Muhalli na Ginin Jafananci(CASBEE), daTsarin Ƙimar Ginin Ginin Faransanci(HQE). Bugu da kari, akwaiJagoran ginin muhalli na Jamusda LN B,Kima muhallin gini na Australiyajiki N ABERS, daƘimar Kayan Aikin Kanada GBtsarin.
Tianjin Yuantai Derun Karfe Manufacturing Group, a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan murabba'ai da rectangular bututu a kasar Sin, wanda ya samu takardar shedar LEED a farkon mataki, yafi sayar da wadannan kayayyakin:
Yuantai Babban Diamita Square Karfe Bututu
Yuantai m square karfe bututu
Yuantai matsakaicin kauri bango mai girman bututun karfe
Yuantai bakin ciki mai bangon ƙarfe huɗu na bututu
Yuantai Brand sashe mai fa'ida na karfe
Yuantai zagaye madaidaiciya bututu karfe
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-04-2023
