Gine-ginen tsarin ƙarfe ya haɗu da salo da kyan gani na gargajiya da na zamani. Yawancin manyan gine-gine a duniya suna amfani da fasahar tsarin karfe a cikin adadi mai yawa. Menene shahararrun gine-ginen tsarin karfe a duniya? A ranar soyayya, da fatan za a bi sawunmu don jin daɗin salon soyayya na manyan gine-ginen ƙarfe goma na duniya.
No.1 Gidan Tsuntsaye na Beijing
Gidan Tsuntsaye shi ne babban filin wasa na wasannin Olympics na Beijing na shekarar 2008. Katafaren zanen filin wasan, wanda Herzog, De Mellon da na kasar Sin Li Xinggang suka kammala, wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Pulitzer a shekarar 2001, an siffata shi da “wuri” da ke haifar da rayuwa. Ya zama kamar shimfiɗar jariri, yana bayyana begen ’yan Adam na nan gaba. Masu zanen ba su yi wani abu da ya wuce gona da iri ba ga filin wasan na kasa, amma a zahiri sun fallasa tsarin a waje, don haka a dabi'ance suka zama kamannin ginin. A watan Yulin 2007, jaridar Times ta Ingila ta taɓa ƙididdige ayyukan gine-gine goma mafi girma da muhimmanci da ake ginawa a duniya. A wancan lokacin, "Tsuntsaye Nest" ya zama na farko. Mujallar Time ta baya-bayan nan da aka buga a ranar 24 ga Disamba na wannan shekarar ta zaɓi manyan abubuwan al'ajabi na gine-gine goma na duniya a cikin 2007, kuma Gidan Tsuntsaye ya cancanci jerin.
Mafi kyawun tsarin karfe shine Gidan Tsuntsaye. Abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin suna goyan bayan juna, suna samar da tsarin cibiyar sadarwa. Bayyanar sama da ƙasa yana sauƙaƙe ma'anar girman ginin, kuma yana ba shi siffar ban mamaki da ban mamaki. Babban ginin sirdi na sararin samaniya ellipse ne, kuma shi ne aikin ginin ƙarfe guda ɗaya wanda ya fi girma a duniya a halin yanzu.
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No. 2 Sydney Grand Theatre
Wurin da ke arewacin Sydney, Gidan Opera na Sydney wani gini ne mai ban mamaki a Sydney, wanda masanin Danish Jon Usson ya tsara. Ƙarƙashin rufin mai siffar harsashi akwai hadadden ruwa da ke haɗa gidan wasan kwaikwayo da zauren. Tsarin gine-ginen gidan wasan opera an tsara shi akan al'adun Maya da haikalin Aztec. An fara ginin ginin a watan Maris na shekara ta 1959 kuma an kammala shi a hukumance kuma aka kai shi don amfani a ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 1973, wanda ya dauki jimillar shekaru 14. Gidan Opera na Sydney babban gini ne a Ostiraliya kuma ɗaya daga cikin fitattun gine-gine a ƙarni na 20. A cikin 2007, UNESCO ta sanya shi a matsayin Al'adun Al'adu na Duniya.
Gidan Opera na Sydney yana amfani da bangon simintin siminti da aka canza da kuma wani tsari mai nau'i-nau'i da yawa don tallafawa rufin, ta yadda zai iya ɗaukar kaya ba tare da lahani na ƙirar asali ba.
No.3 Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya
Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya (1973-Satumba 11, 2001), wacce ke kudu maso yammacin tsibirin Manhattan a birnin New York, tana iyaka da Kogin Hudson a yamma, kuma tana daya daga cikin wuraren da ke birnin New York. Cibiyar kasuwanci ta duniya ta ƙunshi manyan gine-ginen hasumiya biyu, gine-ginen ofisoshi huɗu masu hawa 7 da otal mai hawa 22 guda ɗaya. An gina shi daga 1962 zuwa 1976. Mai shi shine Hukumar Port Authority na New York da New Jersey. Cibiyar kasuwanci ta duniya ta kasance ta kasance tagwayen hasumiya mafi tsayi a duniya, alamar birnin New York, kuma daya daga cikin gine-gine mafi tsayi a duniya. A ranar 11 ga Satumba, 2001, a wani lamari na ranar 11 ga Satumba wanda ya girgiza duniya, manyan gine-gine biyu na Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya sun ruguje daya bayan daya a harin ta'addanci, kuma mutane 2753 suka mutu. Wannan shi ne hatsarin harin ta'addanci mafi muni a tarihi.
An tsara tagwayen hasumiya na Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya tare da sabon tsarin tsarin safofin hannu na karfe, wanda ke haɗa tsarin goyan bayan waje tare da tsarin tsakiya ta tarkacen bene na kwance. Wannan zane yana ba ginin kwanciyar hankali na ban mamaki. Baya ga ɗaukar nauyin ginin, ginshiƙan ƙarfe na waje ya kamata su yi tsayayya da ƙarfin iska da ke aiki a jikin hasumiya. Wato, tsarin tallafi na ciki yana buƙatar ɗaukar nauyinsa na tsaye kawai.
No. 4 London Millennium Dome
An bayyana Millennium Dome a matsayin nakasasshen gini a baya, amma kuma ginin wakilci ne a Landan. Shahararriyar mujallar kudi ta Forbes, ta gudanar da wani binciken ra'ayin jama'a kan masu gine-gine, inda ta gano cewa, Millennium Dome, da aka gina a Biritaniya kan kudi fam miliyan 750 don murnar cikar karni, an zabi shi a matsayin "abin da ya fi muni a duniya" na farko. ". Millennium Dome gini ne na cibiyar baje kolin kimiyya, wanda ke kan gabar tekun Greenwich ta Kogin Thames, wanda ke da fadin kadada 300 kuma ya ci fam miliyan 80 (dala biliyan 1.25). Yana daya daga cikin gine-ginen tunawa da Birtaniyya ta gina domin murnar zagayowar karni a farkon karni na 20 da karni na 21.
No.5 Kuala Lumpur Twin Towers
Hasumiyar tagwayen Kuala Lumpur a da sun kasance mafi tsayi a duniya, amma har yanzu su ne hasumiya tagwaye mafi tsayi a duniya kuma gini na biyar mafi tsayi a duniya. Tana a kusurwar arewa maso yamma na Kuala Lumpur. Hasumiya tagwayen da ke Kuala Lumpur suna da tsayin mita 452 kuma suna da benaye 88 a saman kasa. Fuskar ginin da masanin injiniyan Ba'amurke Cesar Pelli ya tsara yana amfani da abubuwa da yawa kamar bakin karfe da gilashi. Hasumiyar Twin da Hasumiyar Kuala Lumpur da ke kusa da su duka sanannun alamomi ne da alamomin Kuala Lumpur. Tsarin tsarin simintin da aka ƙarfafa (core tube) wanda hasumiya tagwayen suka ɗauka shine ƙaƙƙarfan tsari wanda ya ƙunshi ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin siminti, tare da amfani da ƙarfe na tan 7500. Tsarin madauwari madauwari na taimako kusa da kowane babban tsari yana da alaƙa da babban jiki, wanda zai iya ƙara juriya na gefe na babban tsarin.
No. 6 Hasumiyar Sears, Chicago
Ginin Sears, wanda kuma aka fassara shi da Ginin Rukuni na Welley, wani babban gini ne dake Chicago, Illinois, Amurka. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Arewacin Amirka. Ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 2013, Ginin Cibiyar Kasuwanci ta Duniya 1 ya rushe. Lokacin da aka kammala shi, an kira Sears Tower. A shekara ta 2009, kamfanin dillalan inshora na London, Wellay Group, ya amince da hayar wani kaso mai yawa na ginin a matsayin ginin ofis, kuma ya sami haƙƙin sanya sunan ginin a matsayin wani ɓangare na kwangilar. Da karfe 10:00 na ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2009, a hukumance an canza sunan ginin zuwa Wellay Group Building. Hasumiyar Sears, mai hawa 110, ta kasance ginin ofishi mafi girma a duniya. Kimanin mutane 16500 ke zuwa aiki a nan kowace rana. A hawa na 103, akwai dandalin kallo don masu yawon bude ido su kalli birnin. Yana da nisan mita 412 a saman kasa kuma yana iya ganin jihohi hudu na Amurka idan yanayi ya tabbata.
Ginin yana ɗaukar tsarin tsarin tsarin bututu wanda ya ƙunshi firam ɗin ƙarfe. Dukan ginin ana ɗaukarsa azaman tsarin sararin samaniya na katako-tube. Mafi nisa daga ƙasa, ƙaramin ƙarfin ƙarfi shine. Har ila yau girgizar da iska ke haifarwa a saman ginin ya ragu sosai. Wannan yana ƙara haɓaka ƙarfi da juriya na gefe na ginin.
No. 7 Tokyo TV Tower
An kammala ginin Hasumiyar TV ta Tokyo a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1958. An bude shi ga masu yawon bude ido a watan Yulin 1968. Hasumiyar tana da tsayin mita 333 kuma tana da fadin murabba'in mita 2118. A ranar 27 ga Satumba, 1998, za a gina hasumiya ta talabijin mafi tsayi a duniya a Tokyo. Hasumiya mai cin gashin kanta mafi tsayi a Japan tana da tsayin mita 13 fiye da Hasumiyar Eiffel da ke birnin Paris na Faransa. Kayayyakin ginin da aka yi amfani da su sune rabin Hasumiyar Eiffel. Lokacin gina hasumiya bai kai kashi daya bisa uku na lokacin gina Hasumiyar Eiffel ba, wanda ya girgiza duniya a wancan lokacin. Yana da tsarin da aka ƙarfafa tare da fa'idodin ƙarfin ƙarfi, karko, juriya mai kyau na wuta, ceton ƙarfe da ƙarancin farashi idan aka kwatanta da tsarin ƙarfe mai tsabta.
No.8 San Francisco Golden Gate Bridge
Gadar Golden Gate na daya daga cikin shahararrun gadoji a duniya, sannan kuma abin al'ajabi ne na injiniyan gada na zamani. Gadar tana tsaye ne akan mashigin Golden Gate, wanda ke da nisan sama da mita 1900 da gwamnan California na Amurka. Ya ɗauki shekaru huɗu da fiye da ton 100000 na ƙarfe. An gina shi kan dalar Amurka miliyan 35.5 kuma injiniyan gada Joseph Strauss ne ya tsara shi. Saboda darajarsa ta tarihi, Biritaniya da Amurka ne suka shirya wannan fim ɗin a shekara ta 2007. Gadar Jinmen ɗaya ce daga cikin shahararrun gadoji na tsarin ƙarfe na duniya, kuma abin al'ajabi na injiniyan gada na zamani. Yana da suna na zama wani classic orange karfe tsarin gada.
No. 9 Empire State Building, New York
Ginin Daular Empire wani sanannen gini ne da ke 350 Fifth Avenue, West 33rd Street da West 34th Street a Manhattan, New York City, New York, Amurka. Sunan ya samo asali ne daga sunan laƙabi na Jihar New York - Jihar Empire, don haka sunan Ingilishi a asali yana nufin Ginin Jihar New York ko Ginin Daular. Duk da haka, fassarar Ginin Daular Empire ta yarda da duniya na duniya kuma ana amfani da ita tun. Ginin Daular Empire yana daya daga cikin shahararrun wuraren shakatawa da wuraren shakatawa a birnin New York da Amurka. Wannan dai shi ne na hudu mafi tsayin ginin gine-gine a Amurka da Amurka, kuma shi ne na 25 mafi tsayi a cikin babban gini a duniya. Ita ce kuma mafi tsayi a cikin skyscraper a duniya na tsawon lokaci (1931-1972). Tsawon ginin ya kai mita 381 da benaye 103. Eriyar da aka ƙara a shekarar 1951 tana da tsayin mita 62, kuma tsayinta ya ƙaru zuwa mita 443. Shreeve, Lamb, and Harmon Construction Company ne suka tsara shi. Ginin salon kayan ado ne na ado. An fara ginin a shekara ta 1930 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 1931. Aikin ginin kwanaki 410 ne kawai, wanda ba kasafai ake samun saurin gini a duniya ba.
Gine-ginen Daular Empire yana ɗaukar tsarin simintin siminti-in-tube, wanda ke ƙara taurin ginin. Sabili da haka, ko da a ƙarƙashin saurin iska na kilomita 130 a kowace awa, matsakaicin ƙaura na saman ginin shine kawai 25.65 cm.
No.10 Hasumiyar Eiffel
Hasumiyar Eiffel na tsaye a dandalin Ares a birnin Paris na kasar Faransa. Shahararren gini ne a duniya, daya daga cikin alamomin al'adun Faransa, daya daga cikin alamomin birnin Paris, sannan kuma gini mafi tsayi a birnin Paris. Tsayinsa ya kai mita 300, tsayinsa mita 24, tsayinsa kuma ya kai mita 324. An gina shi a shekara ta 1889, ana kiransa da sunan Gustav Eiffel, sanannen injiniyan gine-gine da gine-ginen da ya tsara ta. Zane na hasumiya labari ne kuma na musamman. Ƙwararren fasaha ce a cikin tarihin gine-gine a duniya, kuma muhimmin wuri na wasan kwaikwayo da fitacciyar alama ta Paris, Faransa. Hasumiya wani tsari ne na karfe, rami, wanda zai iya rage tasirin iska yadda ya kamata. Tsarin firam ne da kwanciyar hankali, kuma ƙarami ne a sama kuma babba a ƙasa, haske a sama da nauyi a ƙasa. Yana da karko sosai.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-14-2023
