1. Njira Yowunika Zomangamanga Zakunja Zobiriwira
M'mayiko akunja, machitidwe owunikira nyumba zobiriwira makamaka akuphatikizapo BREEAM evaluation system ku UK, LEED evaluation system ku US, ndi CASBEE evaluation system ku Japan.
(1) BREEAM Evaluation System ku UK
Cholinga cha kafukufuku wa BREEAM ndikuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe ndi nyumba, komanso kutsimikizira ndi kupereka mphotho kwa omwe akuchita bwino pakupanga, kumanga, ndi kukonza pokhazikitsa milingo. Kuti timvetsetse komanso kuvomereza, BREEAM imatenga kamangidwe kowonekera bwino, kotseguka, komanso kosavuta. "Magawo owunikira" onse amagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana a momwe chilengedwe chimagwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa ziganizo zowunikira pamene mukusintha BREEAM potengera kusintha koyenera. Ngati nyumba yowunikiridwayo ikwaniritsa kapena kukwaniritsa zofunikira za muyezo wina wowunika, ilandila mphambu zina, ndipo zigoli zonse zidzasonkhanitsidwa kuti mupeze zotsatira zomaliza. BREEAM ipereka magawo asanu owunika kutengera chiwongolero chomaliza chomwe nyumbayo idapeza, monga "pass", "zabwino", "zabwino", "zabwino kwambiri", ndi "Outstanding". Pomaliza, BREEAM ipatsa nyumba yowunikiridwayo "zoyenerera zoyeserera"
(2) Njira yowunikira ya LEED ku United States
Pofuna kukwaniritsa cholinga chofotokozera ndi kuyeza kuchuluka kwa "green" kwa nyumba zokhazikika popanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito miyezo yodziwika bwino, zida, ndi miyezo yowunikira ntchito yomanga, American Green Building Association (USGBC) idayambitsa kulemba kwa Energy and Environmental Design. Adachita upainiya mu 1995. Potengera njira yowunikira ya BREEAM ku UK komanso muyeso wowunika wa BEPAC womanga momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera ku Canada, njira yowunikira ya LEED yakhazikitsidwa.
1. Zomwe zili mu dongosolo la kuyesa kwa LEED
Kumayambiriro kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwake, LEED idangoyang'ana panyumba zatsopano ndi ntchito zokonzanso nyumba (LEED-NC). Ndi kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa dongosololi, pang'onopang'ono lidakula kukhala zisanu ndi chimodzi zolumikizana koma ndikugogomezera kosiyana pazowunikira.
2. Makhalidwe a LEED evaluation system
LEED ndi njira yachinsinsi, yogwirizana, komanso yoyendera msika yoyendera nyumba zobiriwira. Dongosolo lowunikira, mfundo zopulumutsira mphamvu ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe, ndi njira zofananira zimachokera kuukadaulo wokhwima mumsika wapano, komanso kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa bwino pakati pa kudalira miyambo ndi kulimbikitsa malingaliro omwe akubwera.
TianjinYuantai DerunSteel Pipe Manufacturing Group Co., Ltd. ndi amodzi mwamabizinesi ochepa ku China omwe ali ndi ziphaso za LEED. The structural zitsulo mipope opangidwa, kuphatikizapomapaipi lalikulu, mapaipi amakona anayi, mipope yozungulira,ndimipope yachitsulo yosakhazikika, onse amakwaniritsa miyezo yoyenera ya nyumba zobiriwira kapena makina obiriwira. Kwa ogula pulojekiti ndi uinjiniya, ndikofunikira kwambiri kugula mapaipi achitsulo omwe amakwaniritsa miyezo yoyenera yanyumba zobiriwira, Zimatsimikizira mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito obiriwira komanso okonda zachilengedwe a polojekiti yanu. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza polojekiti yazitsulo zobiriwira, chondefunsani woyang'anira makasitomala athu nthawi yomweyo
(3) CASBEE Evaluation System ku Japan
CaseBee (Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency) njira yowunika momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera ku Japan imawunika nyumba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndi masikelo kutengera tanthauzo la "kuteteza chilengedwe". Imayesa kuwunika momwe nyumba zimagwirira ntchito pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa chilengedwe kudzera mumiyeso yocheperako.
Imagawaniza dongosolo lowunika kukhala Q (kumanga magwiridwe antchito a chilengedwe, mtundu) ndi LR (kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chilengedwe). Kuchita ndi ubwino wa malo omangira ndi awa:
Q1- chilengedwe m'nyumba;
Q2- Kugwira ntchito;
Q3- Malo akunja.
Zomangamanga zachilengedwe katundu zikuphatikizapo:
LR1- Mphamvu;
LR2- Zida, Zida;
LR3- Malo akunja a malo omangira. Ntchito iliyonse ili ndi zinthu zing'onozing'ono zingapo.
CaseBee imatengera njira yowunikira mfundo zisanu. Kukwaniritsa zofunikira zochepa kumavotera 1; Kufikira mulingo wapakati kumavoteredwa ngati 3.
Gawo lomaliza la Q kapena LR la projekiti yomwe mwatenga nawo gawo ndi kuchuluka kwa ziwerengero za chinthu chilichonse chaching'ono chochulukitsidwa ndi ma coefficients ake olemera, zomwe zimapangitsa SQ ndi SLR. Zotsatira za zigoli zikuwonetsedwa mu tebulo lowonongeka, ndiyeno momwe chilengedwe chimagwirira ntchito, mwachitsanzo, mtengo wa Bee, ukhoza kuwerengedwa.
Magawo ang'onoang'ono a Q ndi LR mu CaseBee atha kuwonetsedwa ngati tchati, pomwe mayendedwe a Bee amatha kufotokozedwa munjira yolumikizirana ndi kupanga magwiridwe antchito a chilengedwe, mtundu, komanso kukula kwa chilengedwe monga nkhwangwa za x ndi y, ndi kukhazikika kwa nyumbayo kungayesedwe malinga ndi malo ake.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-11-2023
