Chiyambi:
Zopindulitsa Zachilengedwe, Zaumoyo ndi Zachuma - Kodi Chitsimikizo cha LEED ndi chiyani? N’chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira m’zomangamanga zamakono?
Masiku ano, zinthu zochulukirachulukira zikuwononga chilengedwe m'moyo wathu wamakono. Machitidwe osakhazikika a zomangamanga, zinyalala za pulasitiki ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa kaboni ndizomwe zimayambitsa izi. Komabe posachedwapa, anthu azindikira kufunika koteteza chilengedwe kuti zisawonongeke. Monga gawo la zoyesayesa izi, maboma akuyesetsa kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon kuchokera kumakampani omanga. Kuchepetsa utsi kumatha kutheka pogula zinthu zokhazikika komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomangira zokhazikika.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa kufunikira kwa nyumba zokhazikika, chiphaso cha LEED chimabweretsa makampani omanga gawo limodzi kuti akwaniritse kukhazikika.
- Kodi LEED Certification ndi chiyani?
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) ndi njira yowunikira nyumba zobiriwira. Cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa bwino kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komanso okhalamo pamapangidwewo. Cholinga chake ndikukhazikitsa lingaliro lathunthu ndi lolondola la nyumba zobiriwira ndikuletsa kubiriwira kwa nyumba. LEED idakhazikitsidwa ndi bungwe la United States Green Building Council ndipo idayamba kukhazikitsidwa mchaka cha 2000. Yalembedwa ngati mulingo wovomerezeka m'maiko ndi mayiko ena ku United States.
LEED imayimira utsogoleri mu mphamvu ndi chilengedwe. TheUnited States Green Building Council (USGBC)wapanga chiphaso cha LEED. Idapanga LEED kuti ithandizire kupanga nyumba zobiriwira bwino. Chifukwa chake, LEED imawonetsetsa kuti nyumba zotetezedwa ndi chilengedwe. Chitsimikizochi chimayang'ana kamangidwe ndi kamangidwe ka nyumba kutengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
USGBC imapereka mphotho zinayi za satifiketi ya LEED kwa nyumba zomwe zikuchita nawo pulogalamuyi. Chiwerengero cha mfundo zomwe nyumba zimalandira zimatsimikizira udindo wawo. Ma level awa ndi:
- Nyumba zovomerezeka za LEED (40-49 mfundo)
- LEED Silver Building (50-59 points)
- LEED Gold Building (60-79 points)
- LEED Platinum Building (80 points ndi pamwamba)
Malinga ndi United States Green Building Council, satifiketi ya LEED ndi chizindikiro chodziwika padziko lonse lapansi chakuchita bwino.
Mtengo wa certification wa LEED muzomangamanga zamakono
Ndiye, phindu la chiphaso cha LEED ndi chiyani? Gawo lalikulu la anthu padziko lapansi amakhala, amagwira ntchito komanso amaphunzira m'nyumba zovomerezeka za LEED. Zifukwa zomwe chiphaso cha LEED chili chofunikira pamamangidwe amakono ndi awa:
phindu la chilengedwe
Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, nyumba zimagwiritsa ntchito gawo lalikulu la mphamvu, madzi ndi magetsi. Zimaperekanso gawo lalikulu la mpweya wa CO2 (pafupifupi 40%). Komabe, polojekiti ya LEED imathandiza nyumba zatsopano ndi zomwe zilipo kale kuti zikhale ndi njira yokhazikika. Chimodzi mwazabwino zomanga zobiriwira kudzera mu LEED ndikupulumutsa madzi.
LEED imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ocheperako komanso madzi amvula. Imalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zopezera madzi. Mwanjira iyi, kupulumutsa madzi kwa nyumba za LEED kudzawonjezeka. Nyumba zimapanga pafupifupi theka la mpweya wa CO2 padziko lonse lapansi. Magwero a mpweya m'nyumba amaphatikizapo mphamvu zopopera ndi kuthira madzi. Malo enanso ndi kuthira zinyalala ndi mafuta oyaka moto otenthetsera ndi kuziziritsa.
LEED imathandizira kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa CO 2 popereka mphotho mapulojekiti otulutsa ziro. Imaperekanso mphotho mapulojekiti omwe amabweretsa mphamvu zabwino zobwerera. Nyumba zovomerezeka za LEED zimatulutsanso mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Utsi umenewu nthawi zambiri umachokera ku madzi, zinyalala zolimba komanso zoyendera. Ubwino wina wachilengedwe wa chiphaso cha LEED ndikuti umalimbikitsa kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Makampani omanga amatulutsa zinyalala zokwana matani mamiliyoni ambiri chaka chilichonse. LEED imalimbikitsa kusamutsa zinyalala kuchokera kumalo otayirako. Imaperekanso mphotho pakuwongolera zinyalala zomanga mokhazikika komanso kulimbikitsa chuma chozungulira. Amapeza mapointi pulojekitiyo ikakonzanso, kugwiritsiranso ntchito ndi kukonzanso zinthu. Amapezanso mfundo akamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokhazikika.
Phindu la thanzi
Thanzi ndilo vuto lalikulu la anthu ambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito LEED rating system pomanga nyumba zobiriwira zidzathandiza anthu kukhala ndikugwira ntchito pamalo abwino. Nyumba za LEED zimayang'ana kwambiri thanzi la anthu mkati ndi kunja.
Anthu amathera pafupifupi 90% ya nthawi yawo m'nyumba. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa zowononga m'nyumba kungakhale kuwirikiza kawiri kapena kasanu kuposa kuwononga zinthu zakunja. Zotsatira za thanzi la zoipitsa zomwe zimapezeka mumpweya wamkati ndizopweteka mutu. Zotsatira zina ndi kutopa, matenda a mtima ndi matenda opuma.
LEED imapangitsa kuti mpweya wamkati ukhale wabwino kudzera mumayendedwe ake. Malo okhala ovomerezeka a LEED adapangidwa kuti azipereka mpweya wabwino komanso wabwinoko wamkati. LEED imalimbikitsanso chitukuko cha malo omwe amalandira masana. Malowa alibenso mankhwala owopsa omwe amapezeka mu utoto.
M'nyumba yamaofesi, malo abwino okhala m'nyumba amatha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za ogwira ntchito. Malo oterowo amakhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso kuwala kwadzuwa kokwanira. Zina mwazabwino za nyumba zovomerezeka za LEED zikuphatikiza ntchito zapamwamba komanso mitengo yosungira. M'malo athanzi ngati amenewa, ogwira ntchito amagwiranso ntchito bwino kwambiri.
Nyumba zovomerezeka za LEED zimatha kukonza mpweya wakunja, makamaka m'malo otukuka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, LEED ndiyofunikira pakuchepetsa utsi. M'pofunikanso kuti mpweya wa anthu ambiri ukhale wathanzi.
ntchito zachuma
LEED ingathandize kusunga ndalama. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuyatsa kwa LED kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zamagetsi. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi njira zotenthetsera komanso zoziziritsira zosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. LEED imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopulumutsira mphamvuzi komanso zowononga ndalama.
Nyumba za LEED zimakhalanso ndi ndalama zochepa zokonza. Ndiko kunena kuti, poyerekeza ndi nyumba zamalonda wamba. Ndalama zoyendetsera nyumba zobiriwira ndizochepa.
Nyumba zovomerezeka za LEED zimasangalalanso ndi zolimbikitsa zamisonkho komanso zolimbikitsa. Maboma ambiri a m’maderawa amapereka madalitso amenewa. Zopindulitsazi zikuphatikizanso ndalama zamisonkho, kuchotsera chindapusa komanso thandizo. Nyumbayi imathanso kusangalala ndi zilolezo zomanga mwachangu komanso zolipirira.
Malo ena amachita kafukufuku wa mphamvu. Chitsimikizo cha LEED chimalola nyumba kuti zisawonongeke, motero kusunga ndalama za polojekiti. Nyumba za LEED zimawonjezeranso mtengo wa katunduyo. Kuonjezera apo, nyumbazi zimakopa anthu ochita lendi. Kuchuluka kwa malo a nyumba zobiriwira ndizotsika poyerekeza ndi nyumba zosabiriwira.
Chitsimikizo cha LEED chimaperekanso mwayi wampikisano. Posachedwapa, makasitomala ayamba kuganizira kwambiri za chilengedwe. Anthu ambiri ali okonzeka kulipira ndalama zowonjezera katundu ndi ntchito zamakampani omwe amasamalanso za chilengedwe. Makasitomala ochulukirapo amatanthauza ndalama zambiri.
fotokoza mwachidule
LEED ndi imodzi mwama projekiti apamwamba apadziko lonse lapansi achitukuko chokhazikika pakupanga ndi zomangamanga. Chitsimikizo cha LEED chikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomangira zomwe zimalimbikitsa chuma chozungulira komanso chogwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Kupeza certification kumatha kupititsa patsogolo mbiri ya makontrakitala ndi eni ake.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa kufunikira kokhazikika, chiphaso cha LEED chakhala chofunikira kwambiri. Zimapindulitsa makampani omangamanga ndipo zimatsegula njira yoyendetsera ntchito yomanga yokhazikika. Kawirikawiri, LEED yadzipereka kuonetsetsa kuti dziko lapansi liri lokhazikika komanso lathanzi.
Zachidziwikire, kuwonjezera pa LEED, njira yowunikira nyumba zobiriwira padziko lonse lapansi imaphatikizanso:Green Building Evaluation ya ChinaStandard GB50378-2014, ndiBritish Green Building EvaluationSystem (BREE-AM), ndiKumanga kwa Japan Comprehensive Environmental Performance Evaluation System(CASBEE), ndiFrench Green Building Evaluation System(HQE). Komanso, paliChitsogozo cha zomangamanga zaku Germanyndi LN B,Kuunikira kwa chilengedwe chaku Australiathupi N ABERS, ndiCanadian GB Tools kuwunikadongosolo.
Tianjin Yuantai Derun Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group, monga amodzi mwa opanga mapaipi ochepa komanso amakona anayi ku China omwe adalandira satifiketi ya LEED atangoyamba kumene, makamaka amagulitsa zinthu zotsatirazi:
Yuantai Large Diameter Square Steel Pipe
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha Yuantai chopanda malire
Yuantai sing'anga wandiweyani khoma amakona anayi zitsulo chitoliro
Yuantai woonda-mipanda amakona anayi chitsulo chitoliro
Yuantai Brand profiled zitsulo dzenje gawo
Yuantai kuzungulira molunjika msoko zitsulo chitoliro
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-04-2023
