Ibyuma bishyirwa mubyuma bivanze, bikozwe mubindi bikoresho bya shimi nka fer na karubone. Bitewe n'imbaraga zayo zikomeye hamwe nigiciro gito, ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane muburyo butandukanye mugihe cyiki gihe, nko gukorwaimiyoboro ya kare, imiyoboro y'icyuma, imiyoboro y'icyuma, amasahani y'ibyuma,imiyoboro idasanzwe, imyirondoro, nibindi, harimo no gukoresha ibyuma mugutezimbere tekinoloji nshya. Inganda nyinshi zishingiye ku byuma, harimo no gukoresha mu bwubatsi, ibikorwa remezo, ibikoresho, amato, imodoka, imashini, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, n'intwaro.
1. Icyuma cyaguka cyane iyo gishyushye.
Ibyuma byose byaguka iyo bishyushye, byibuze kurwego runaka. Ugereranije nibindi byuma byinshi, ibyuma bifite urwego runini rwo kwaguka. Urwego rwa coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe bwumuriro wibyuma ni (10-20) × 10-6 / K, nini ya coefficient yibikoresho, niko ihinduka ryinshi nyuma yo gushyuha, naho ubundi
Coefficente yumurongo wo kwagura ubushyuhe α L ibisobanuro:
Ugereranije kurambura ikintu nyuma yubushyuhe bwiyongereye 1 ℃
Coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe ntabwo ihoraho, ariko ihinduka gato nubushyuhe kandi ikiyongera nubushyuhe.
Ibi birashobora gukoreshwa mubice byinshi, harimo no gukoresha ibyuma mubuhanga bwicyatsi. Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu z’icyatsi mu kinyejana cya 21, abashakashatsi n’abavumbuzi barasesengura kandi bagatekereza kwagura ubushobozi bw’ibyuma, nubwo ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije bwiyongera. Umunara wa Eiffel nurugero rwiza rwo kwaguka kwicyuma iyo gishyushye. Umunara wa Eiffel mubyukuri ufite uburebure bwa santimetero 6 mugihe cyizuba kuruta ibindi bihe byumwaka.
2. Biratangaje ko ibyuma byangiza ibidukikije.
Abantu benshi bagenda bahangayikishwa no kurengera ibidukikije, kandi aba bantu bakomeje gushakisha uburyo batanga umusanzu mu kurengera ndetse no kuzamura isi idukikije. Ni muri urwo rwego, gukoresha ibyuma nuburyo bwo gutanga umusanzu mwiza kubidukikije. Urebye neza, ntushobora gutekereza ko ibyuma bifitanye isano "kugenda icyatsi" cyangwa kurengera ibidukikije. Ikigaragara ni uko kubera iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 20 na 21, ibyuma byabaye kimwe mu bicuruzwa bitangiza ibidukikije. Icy'ingenzi, ibyuma birashobora kongera gukoreshwa. Bitandukanye nibindi byuma byinshi, ibyuma ntibitakaza imbaraga zose mugihe cyo gutunganya. Ibi bituma ibyuma kimwe mubintu bitunganyirizwa cyane kwisi muri iki gihe. Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryatumye ibyuma byinshi byongera gukoreshwa buri mwaka, kandi ingaruka nziza ziragera kure. Kubera ubwo bwihindurize, ingufu zisabwa mu gukora ibyuma zagabanutseho kimwe cya kabiri mu myaka 30 ishize. Kugabanya umwanda ukoresheje ingufu nke cyane bizana inyungu zidukikije.
3. Icyuma ni rusange.
Mubyukuri, ibyuma ntabwo bihari cyane kandi bikoreshwa kwisi, ariko icyuma nikintu cya gatandatu gikunze kugaragara mubisanzure. Ibintu bitandatu bigize isanzure ni hydrogen, ogisijeni, fer, azote, karubone, na calcium. Ibi bintu bitandatu birasa cyane mubirimo mwisi yose kandi nibintu byingenzi bigize isanzure. Hatariho ibi bintu bitandatu nkibishingiro byisi, ntihashobora kubaho ubuzima, iterambere rirambye, cyangwa kubaho iteka.
4. Ibyuma nibyo shingiro ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga.
Imikorere mu Bushinwa kuva mu myaka ya za 90 yerekanye ko izamuka ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu risaba inganda zikomeye z’ibyuma nkibisabwa. Ibyuma bizakomeza kuba ibikoresho byingenzi byubatswe mu kinyejana cya 21. Urebye uko umutungo wifashe ku isi, kongera gukoreshwa, imikorere nigiciro, ibikenerwa mu iterambere ry’ubukungu ku isi, n’iterambere rirambye, inganda z’ibyuma zizakomeza gutera imbere no gutera imbere mu kinyejana cya 21.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-21-2023
