Kugirango utange ibisobanuro byinshi kubakoresha bashaka gutanga itegeko rya zinc aluminium magnesium ibyuma ariko bakaba bataratanga itegeko, umwanditsi yakusanyije iyi ngingo yizeye guha abakiriya agaciro kabo.
Incamake ：
Mu myaka yashize, muri rusange ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu biracyaguka, hamwe n’abakora bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa bishyushye cyane cyane bongerera umurongo ibicuruzwa byabo hasi. Mu rwego rwo kugabanya karubone mu gihugu no guteza imbere ingufu nshya, ugereranije n’ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bya aluminiyumu ya magnesium byahindutse abantu benshi. Mu myaka yashize, uruganda rukora ibyuma rwinshi rwinjiye mu gukora amashanyarazi ya zinc aluminium magnesium, kandi amarushanwa yarushijeho gukomera. Iyi ngingo izasesengura muri make uko iterambere ryifashe muri iki gihe hamwe n’amahirwe yo mu bwoko bwa zinc aluminium magnesium yamashanyarazi ashingiye ku isoko ryifashe ubu.
Kumenyekanisha no gutondekanya ibicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium ：
01 .Iriburiro ryibicuruzwa bya Zinc Aluminium Magnesium
Icyuma cya aluminium magnesium icyuma ni ubwoko bushya bwibyuma byangiza cyane byangirika, bigizwe ahanini na zinc, 1.5% -11% aluminium, 1.5% -3% magnesium, hamwe na silikoni nyinshi (bifite itandukaniro rito mubigereranya hagati ababikora batandukanye). Ikoreshwa cyane cyane murwego rwo kurwanya ruswa ivura ibyuma nibyuma, harimo ibiceri bitandukanye bya zinc hamwe numubare munini wibyuma byose kugirango birinde ruswa. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, zinc aluminium magnesium alloy yometseho ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubwubatsi kubera guhangana neza kwangirika, guhinduka neza, gusudira, no kugaragara neza. Buhoro buhoro bazamurwa kandi bagakoreshwa mubikorwa nkibikoresho byo murugo no gukora imodoka.
Nippon Steel, Nippon Steel, ThyssenKrupp hamwe n’andi masosiyete mpuzamahanga azwi cyane y’ibyuma batangiye kwiga iki cyuma cy’icyuma mu myaka ya za 1980, maze bamenya umusaruro w’inganda no kubishyira mu bikorwa mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 21. Imyaka ine irashize, ibyinshi mu bicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium byakoreshejwe mu Bushinwa byatumizwaga mu bihugu nk'Ubuyapani na Koreya y'Epfo. Hamwe no gukomeza gusembura inganda zifotora mu myaka yashize, usibye uruganda rukora ibyuma bya leta nka Baosteel, Jiuquan Steel, Shougang, na Tangshan Steel, umubare munini w’inganda zigenga nazo zinjiye mu nganda nka Tianjin Xinyu na Hebei Zhaojian. Ibigo bimwe na bimwe byangiza ibyuma nabyo byinjiye mu nganda. Kugeza ubu, ubunini bushobora gukorerwa mu Bushinwa ni 0.4mm-4.0mm, naho ubugari bushobora gukorwa ni 580mm-2080mm. Kugeza ubu, uruganda rukora ibyuma mu Bushinwa rukora ibishishwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium ni cyane cyane aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium, kandi umubare muto w’ibigo ushobora kubyara aluminium zinc aluminium zinc. Kurugero, Shougang ifite urukurikirane rwuzuye rwa magnesium ya zinc aluminium, kandi ifite umurongo umwe rukumbi w’umusaruro mu gihugu ushobora gutanga ibyuma bya zinc aluminium magnesium yometseho ibyuma bifite uburebure bwa mm 3.0 cyangwa birenga mu rwego rwo kubaka.
02. Gutondekanya nibiranga ibicuruzwa bya Zinc Aluminium Magnesium
Kugeza ubu, ukurikije isesengura ry’Ubushinwa Baowu ryerekeye icyuma gisanzwe cya magnesium gikozwe mu byuma, ibyinshi mu bitwikiriye birimo magnesium na magnesium ≤ 3%. Ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye bya aluminiyumu mu gutwikira, zinc aluminium magnesium igabanijwemo:
Aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium itwikiriye: Ibirimo bya aluminium: 1% -3.5%. Iyi shitingi ikorwa hongewemo umubare munini wa aluminium magnesium nibindi bintu hashingiwe kuri hot-dip galvanizing. Iyi coating ni verisiyo yazamuye yo kwangirika kwangirika gushushe-gushira neza zinc.
Hagati ya aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium itwikiriye: ibirimo aluminium: 5% -11%.
Aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium yuzuye: Ibirimo bya aluminium: 55%. Iyi shitingi ikorwa hongewemo umubare munini wa magnesium nibindi bintu hashingiwe kuri hot-dip aluminium zinc. Iyi coating ni verisiyo yazamuye yo kwangirika kwangirika kwa aluminium zinc.
Kugeza ubu, umusaruro nyamukuru mu Bushinwa ni magnesium ya aluminium zinc, kandi inganda zimwe na zimwe nka Shougang na Baosteel nazo zishobora kubyara aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium. Zinc aluminium magnesium ntishobora gutunganywa gusa, ariko kandi ikora nka substrate kumpapuro zometseho amabara. Mu ntangiriro za 2022, umuzingo wa mbere w’amabara ya Baosteel Zhanjiang Steel yatangijwe ku mugaragaro maze umusaruro rusange utangira mu mpera za Gashyantare. Ibara rya Baosteel Zhanjiang Steel irashobora gukoresha urutonde rwuzuye rwa zinc aluminium magnesium nka substrate, bigatuma iba isoko yonyine yo kwisi yose kugirango ibe yuzuye ibara rya zinc aluminium magnesium.
Imyitwarire yibicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium ya magnesium byahindutse ingingo ishyushye kurubu, bifitanye isano rya hafi nibicuruzwa byabo byiza. Inyungu nini nziza yibicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium igaragarira mukurwanya ruswa nyinshi, hagakurikiraho imikorere.
Imbonerahamwe 1: Kugereranya ibicuruzwa bya Zinc Aluminium Magnesium nibicuruzwa byiza bya Zinc
| Inomero y'Urutonde | Ibiranga ibicuruzwa | Kugereranya hagati ya Zinc Aluminium Magnesium na Zinc nziza |
| 1 | Kurwanya ruswa | Ikizamini cyumunyu utabogamye: Ipfunyika ya Zinc aluminium yikubye inshuro 3-10 ugereranije na zinc gakondo. Kwangirika kwigihe kirekire cya Atmospherique: Zinc aluminium magnesium irashobora kugera hejuru yikubye inshuro zirenga 2 ugereranije na zinc nziza. |
| 2 | Kurwanya ruswa | Kurwanya kwangirika kwa zinc aluminium magnesium notch umwanya uri hejuru cyane kurenza iy'imyenda isanzwe ya zinc |
| 3 | Coefficient nkeya | Coefficient de fraisque ya zinc aluminium magnesium itwikiriye iri munsi ya 15% ugereranije nuburinganire bwa zinc |
| 4 | kwambara | Ubukomezi bwa zinc aluminium magnesium yikubye inshuro eshatu ubwiza bwa zinc |
Muri rusange iterambere ryimbere ryibicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium
01 .Gereranya gutandukanya iterambere ryubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro
Nkuko byavuzwe mu ntangiriro yingingo yavuzwe haruguru, mbere ya 2016, ibicuruzwa bya aluminium ya magnesium yo mu rugo byari bisanzwe. Hamwe n’ibigo bike bikuru, ibigo bya leta, n’ibigo binini byigenga bitwikiriye buhoro buhoro byinjira ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu, ubushobozi bw’umusaruro wa zinc aluminium magnesium uratera imbere buhoro buhoro. Dukurikije imibare ituzuye, ubushobozi bwa zinc aluminium magnesium buteganijwe kuba hafi toni miliyoni 7 ku mwaka, kandi ibicuruzwa biriho ubu biri mu rwego rwo kuzamuka byihuse. Nyamara, mu rwego rwo gukora ibyuma binini by’Ubushinwa hamwe n’ubushobozi bwa toni zirenga miliyoni 160, umugabane rusange wa zinc aluminium magnesium uracyari muto.
Iterambere gahoro gahoro ryibicuruzwa bishya byerekana ubushobozi burenze umusaruro w’inganda zose: nubwo Ubushinwa butanga umusaruro mwinshi, igipimo rusange cy’imikoreshereze y’umusaruro nyirizina kiri munsi ya 60%, kandi ibigo byigenga ntibihagije mu bijyanye n’ubwubatsi. n'imikoreshereze nyayo. Ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu bifite ingorane zo mu rwego rwa tekinike n'ibisabwa mu buryo, ndetse n'agaciro keza ku isoko n'icyizere, kandi byahindutse icyerekezo gishyushye cy'ubushakashatsi n'umusaruro mu nganda zimwe mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga.
22. Mu marushanwa akomeye, haracyari inyungu zinyungu kubicuruzwa bishya
Igishushanyo 1: Ibiciro nibitandukaniro hagati ya zinc, aluminium, magnesium, na plaque zinc muri Shanghai (unit: yuan / ton)
Guhera ku ya 7 Ukuboza, icyerekezo rusange cya Mysteel cyerekana 2.0mm Ansteel zinc aluminium magnesium yamashanyarazi ku isoko rya Shanghai ifite igiciro cya 5500 yuan / toni, mu gihe ibicuruzwa rusange byashyizwe mu majwi 1.0mm Ansteel yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi afite igiciro cya 4700 Yuan / toni, na itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati ya zinc aluminium magnesium yamabati hamwe na coil yamashanyarazi ni 800 yuan / toni. Ukurikije ibarwa rya zinc hamwe nibimenyetso byerekana mu ruganda rukora ibyuma, igiceri cya zinc aluminium magnesium plaque ni 275g zinc, naho ikimenyetso cya zinc mu ruganda rukora ibyuma ni hafi 300 Yuan / toni. Ukurikije iyi mibare, ndetse no kubicuruzwa bifite ubunini bwa zinc bingana, igiciro cya magnesium ya zinc aluminium kiri hejuru cyane ugereranije n’ifarashi ya shitingi, ibyo bikaba byerekana mu buryo butaziguye ko hakiri inyungu runaka ku bicuruzwa bya magnesium ya zinc aluminium, haba kuva icyerekezo cy'abacuruzi cyangwa insyo z'ibyuma. Byumvikane ko, birakwiye ko tumenya ko muri Nyakanga, itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati ya zinc aluminium magnesium na shitingi ya galvanised yigeze kuzamuka igera kuri 1350 Yuan / toni, hanyuma igakomeza ahanini muri 1000 yuan / toni, byerekana ko muri iki gihe hari amarushanwa. isoko rya zinc aluminium magnesium. Itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati ya Tianjin zinc aluminium magnesium nurupapuro rwa galvanised ni urugero rwiza, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2.
Ku isoko ry’abaguzi ba Photovoltaque, usibye isoko ry’Ubushinwa, hari n’isoko ryibanze cyane, ariryo Tianjin, cyane cyane ryibanze i Daqiuzhuang. Aka gace gakorerwamo ibicuruzwa bifotora bifotora nabyo byahindutse intego nyamukuru kumashanyarazi menshi. Kugeza ubu, ku isoko rya Tianjin, umutungo w’inganda zikwirakwizwa cyane harimo uruganda rukora ibyuma rwa Leta Shougang, Ansteel, Tangshan Steel, na Handan Steel; Uruganda rukora ibyuma nka Hebei Zhaojian, Tianjin Xinyu, Shandong Huafeng, nibindi. Ukurikije itandukaniro ryibiciro, itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati ya Tianjin zinc aluminium magnesium na plaque ya zinc riri hasi cyane ugereranije n’isoko rya Shanghai. Mu rwego rwo gufata imigabane ku isoko, uruganda rukora ibyuma narwo rwahinduye politiki yarwo.
03 Iterambere ryihuse ryinganda zifotora mu rwego rwingufu nshya no kugabanya karubone
Inganda ziva mu nganda zikora ibicuruzwa byo mu rugo zirimo kwerekana itandukaniro, kandi iterambere ryashyushye ryo gukoresha ibinyabiziga n’ibikoresho byo mu rugo byararangiye, ariko ingufu nshya ziratera imbere byihuse. Ku ya 21 Ugushyingo, Inama y’igihugu ihuriweho n’amakuru ku isoko ry’imodoka zitwara abagenzi yasohoye raporo ku bijyanye n’isoko ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa: Umusaruro mushya w’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukwakira wari miliyoni 5.59, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 108.4%, hamwe numubare winjira wa 24.7% hamwe nintererano irenga 80% mukuzamuka kwisoko ryimodoka. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mu rwego rw'igihugu giteza imbere ibikorwa remezo bishya no gukoresha ingufu nshya, ibikenerwa mu nganda za zinc aluminium magnesium bifite umwanya wo gukura ndetse n'imbaraga ziturika.
Inganda z’amafoto y’Ubushinwa zimaze kugera ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu buryo butandukanye, cyane cyane kuva mu 2022, bitewe n’igitero cya COVID-19 gikabije ndetse n’ubukungu bwifashe nabi, umuvuduko rusange w’iterambere ry’inganda zifotora wagumye uhagaze neza. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2022, Ubushinwa bwakoze silikoni ya polyikristaline, wafer ya silicon, bateri, hamwe n’ibigize byateye intambwe igaragara, kandi umusaruro w’amasano atandukanye mu ruhererekane rw’inganda ugeze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mateka. Ikoranabuhanga mu nganda rikomeje guhanga udushya no gutera imbere, kandi imikorere yo guhindura imirasire y'izuba ya silicon heterojunction yashyizeho amateka mashya ku isi ya 26.81%. Iterambere rishya naryo ryakozwe mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere no kugerageza icyitegererezo cya selile perovskite, kandi moderi ya "Photovoltaic +" nayo ihora yaguka. Mu bihembwe bitatu byambere, ubushobozi bushya bwamafoto yo murugo bwageze kuri 52.6GW. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukwakira, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa byarengeje miliyari 44 z'amadolari y'Abanyamerika, bishyigikira cyane isoko ry’amafoto y’imbere mu gihugu no mu mahanga.
Isesengura ryiterambere ryiterambere rya Zinc Aluminium Magnesium Urupapuro na Roll
01 Gukomeza kunoza ibipimo byibicuruzwa murwego rwo gusaba inganda
Kuruhande rwiterambere ryihuse mubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa muri rusange, haracyari ikibazo cyubushobozi buke bwo gutwikira hamwe nigipimo gito cyo gukoresha. Ibigo bizakomeza kwagura inzira zo kugurisha isoko no kongera imigabane ku isoko. Kugirango habeho kwaguka kwiziritse kuri laminates ubwabo, birumvikana, ariko mumarushanwa ahoraho yinganda, hariho urwego runaka rwo gusimburana hagati yurwego runini rwa laminate hamwe nizunguruka.
Mu rwego rw’inganda zikomoka kuri aluminium magnesium, kubera ko muri iki gihe habuze ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ibicuruzwa, ni ngombwa ko ibigo binini bya Leta mu Bushinwa bifata iyambere mu gushyiraho ibipimo bifatika. Mu rwego rwo guhuza iterambere n’umusaruro wa zinc aluminium magnesium, ibicuruzwa bishya, mu nzira nziza, impuguke izwi cyane Profeseri Xu Xiufei wo mu Bushinwa Metallurgical Corporation (MCC), abifashijwemo na komite y’igihugu y’ubuziranenge bw’ibyuma, yateguye igifuniko cyiza cyane inganda hirya no hino mu gihugu kugira ngo zivugurure ibipimo nganda bya "Gukomeza Gushyushya Amashanyarazi akozwe mu cyuma na Strip yo kubaka". Ku nshuro ya mbere kwisi, ibice byose byo gutwikira, harimo ibyiciro bitatu byingenzi bya zinc aluminium magnesium, byashyizwe mubipimo bimwe, ntabwo byoroshye kubaguzi kugereranya no gukoresha, Irashobora kandi guteza imbere guhitamo neza ibikoresho kandi ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi bihendutse.
Hamwe no kuzamura ubushobozi bw’ibicuruzwa by’imbere mu gihugu ibicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium, icyerekezo cyo gutumiza ibicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium biva mu mahanga byahindutse, kandi umubare munini w’ibicuruzwa byiza byoherezwa mu bihugu byateye imbere nk’Uburayi na Amerika. Kubera kutagira amahame mpuzamahanga, ntibyabujije gusa ubucuruzi bwo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium, ahubwo byateje n'inzitizi tekinike mu nganda. Kubwibyo, guharanira ibiganiro mpuzamahanga no gushyiraho amahame mpuzamahanga byabaye igipimo gikomeye kubicuruzwa byabashinwa kujya kwisi yose. Turashobora kwitega ko kuzamura umushinga mpuzamahanga usanzwe kumpapuro za zinc aluminium magnesium bizafungura ibintu bishya kubucuruzi bwamabati yabashinwa bahatanira guhangana kurwego mpuzamahanga.
02 Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza ryibicuruzwa biracyakenewe kubitegereza
Umuvuduko uhura nimpapuro zitwikiriwe ninganda za coil ntushobora kurenza urugero. Ubushobozi burenze urugero buracyakomeye, kandi ikigo cyibiciro kiracyafite ubunebwe. Iterambere ry’inganda zikoreshwa mu nganda nk’ibikoresho byo mu rugo n’imodoka bizakomeza kugenda gahoro, bigatuma kongera ibyifuzo. Byongeye kandi, inyungu yinganda zibyuma, harimo ibicuruzwa bisize, bikomeje kugabanuka, kandi imiterere yimbere izakomeza kongera ivugurura ryinganda.
Nyamara, ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu ya magnesium ifite ibikorwa byihariye nibiranga porogaramu ishingiye ku bicuruzwa bitwikiriye, kandi urwego rwa tekiniki mu gihugu no mu mahanga ruracyari hejuru. Muri icyo gihe, imikoreshereze yacyo mu mishinga y'ingenzi n'inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zo hasi zikoresha abaguzi ziracyiyongera, kandi aho zikoreshwa ziracyaguka. Amajyambere y'ejo hazaza aracyakwiriye gutegereza. Niba umuntu ashobora kwinjira kurutonde rwibigo bitanga amasoko, nabo bazagira inyungu zidasanzwe muri iri rushanwa.
Muri iki gihe amarushanwa yo kwisoko rya aluminium zinc aluminiyumu ya magnesium yagiye yiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi ibigo byinshi kandi byinshi bifatanya mu gukora no kugurisha ibicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium magnesium mu rwego rwo kugabana inyungu ku bicuruzwa. Ukurikije ibiranga abaguzi hamwe niterambere ryinganda, birasabwa gushyira imbere gushyira ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu ya magnesium mu cyerekezo (giciriritse) kinini cya aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium. Isoko ryiza ninyungu nini yinganda nibyo rwose buri wese ategereje.
Menyesha umuyobozi wa konte ako kanya kugirango usabe amakuru kubicuruzwa bya zinc aluminium
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-04-2023
