Ukuze kuhlinzekwe ulwazi oluthe xaxa lwereferensi kubasebenzisi abafuna ukufaka i-oda lamapayipi ensimbi e-zinc aluminium magnesium kodwa abangakafaki i-oda, umhleli uhlanganise lesi sihloko ngethemba lokuhlinzeka amakhasimende ngenani lereferensi elengeziwe.
Uhlolojikelele:
Eminyakeni yamuva, amandla okukhiqiza amakhoyili asekhaya asakhula, nabakhiqizi abanamandla okukhiqiza amakhoyili ashisayo ikakhulukazi belula imigqa yemikhiqizo yabo iye phansi. Esimeni sokuncishiswa kwekhabhoni kazwelonke kanye nokugqugquzelwa kwamandla amasha, imikhiqizo ye-magnesium ye-aluminium esezingeni eliphezulu isiphenduke ukunakwa okuhlukahlukene okudumile. Eminyakeni yamuva, izigayo eziningi zensimbi ziye zajoyina ukukhiqizwa kwamakhoyili eshidi le-zinc aluminium magnesium, futhi ukuncintisana kuye kwanda kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sizohlaziya kafushane isimo samanje sokuthuthuka kanye namathemba amakhoyili eshidi le-zinc aluminium magnesium asekhaya ngokusekelwe esimweni semakethe samanje.
Isingeniso nokuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo ye-zinc aluminium magnesium:
01 .Isingeniso Semikhiqizo Yezinc Aluminium Magnesium
Ipuleti lensimbi ye-aluminium egayiwe ye-magnesium iwuhlobo olusha lwepuleti lensimbi elakhelwe ngokuqinile elimelana nokugqwala, elakhiwa ikakhulukazi i-zinc, i-aluminium engu-1.5% -11%, i-1.5% -3% ye-magnesium, kanye nokulandelela amanani e-silicon (okunomehluko omncane phakathi kwesilinganiso esiphakathi abakhiqizi abahlukene). Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa okulwa nokugqwala okungaphezulu kwemikhiqizo yensimbi neyensimbi, okuhlanganisa ukumbozwa kochungechunge lwezinc okuhlukahlukene kanye nenani elikhulu lezingxenye zensimbi eziphelele zokuvikela ukugqwala kokucwiliswa. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, amapuleti ensimbi e-zinc aluminium magnesium alloy asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi embonini yezokwakha ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukubunjwa okuhle, ukushisela, nokubukeka kokuhlobisa. Ziyathuthukiswa kancane kancane futhi zisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana nemishini yasendlini kanye nokukhiqiza izimoto.
I-Nippon Steel, i-Nippon Steel, i-ThyssenKrupp kanye nezinye izinkampani zensimbi ezidumile zamazwe ngamazwe zaqala ukufunda le nsimbi yensimbi ngeminyaka yawo-1980, futhi zaqaphela ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwezimboni ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21. Eminyakeni emine edlule, iningi lemikhiqizo ye-zinc aluminium magnesium esetshenziswa eShayina yayingeniswa emazweni afana neJapan neSouth Korea. Ngokuvutshelwa okuqhubekayo kwemboni ye-photovoltaic eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngaphezu kwezigayo zensimbi zikahulumeni ezifana ne-Baosteel, i-Jiuquan Steel, i-Shougang, ne-Tangshan Steel, inqwaba yezigayo zensimbi ezizimele nazo zingene embonini, njenge-Tianjin Xinyu. kanye no-Hebei Zhaojian. Amanye amabhizinisi akhiqiza i-strip steel nawo ajoyine imboni. Njengamanje, ububanzi bokujiya obungakhiqizwa eShayina bungu-0.4mm-4.0mm, kanti ububanzi obungakhiqizwa bungama-580mm-2080mm. Njengamanje, izigayo zensimbi eShayina ezikhiqiza amakhoyili eshidi le-zinc aluminium magnesium ikakhulukazi aphansi e-aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium, futhi yinani elincane kuphela lamabhizinisi elingakhiqiza i-aluminiyamu ye-aluminium ye-zinc magnesium emaphakathi (ephezulu). Isibonelo, i-Shougang inochungechunge olugcwele lwe-zinc aluminium magnesium, futhi inomugqa wokukhiqiza kuphela ezweni ongahlinzeka ngamapuleti ensimbi e-zinc magnesium ehlanganiswe nobukhulu obungu-3.0 mm noma ngaphezulu ngezinjongo zesakhiwo.
02. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nezimpawu Zomkhiqizo Wemikhiqizo Yezinc Aluminium Magnesium
Njengamanje, ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwe-China Baowu kwamapuleti ensimbi enziwe nge-magnesium akhona kwezohwebo, iningi lezinto zokumboza liqukethe okuqukethwe kwe-magnesium ne-magnesium ≤ 3%. Ngokusekelwe kokuqukethwe kwe-aluminium okuhlukile kwezingubo, i-zinc aluminium magnesium coatings ihlukaniswe yaba:
I-aluminium zinc aluminium ephansi ye-aluminium enamathela: Okuqukethwe kwe-Aluminium: 1% -3.5%. Lokhu kunamathela kwakhiwa ngokungeza inani elithile le-aluminium magnesium nezinye izakhi ngesisekelo se-hot-dip galvanizing. Lokhu kunamathela inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yokumelana nokugqwala kwe-hot-dip pure zinc coating.
Medium aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium enamathela: okuqukethwe aluminium: 5% -11%.
I-aluminiyamu ephezulu ye-aluminiyamu i-aluminium enamathelayo ye-magnesium: Okuqukethwe kwe-Aluminium: 55%. Lokhu kunamathela kwakhiwa ngokungeza inani elithile le-magnesium nezinye izakhi ngesisekelo se-aluminiyamu eshisayo yokufaka i-zinc coating. Lokhu kunamathela kuyinguqulo ethuthukisiwe yokumelana nokugqwala kwe-hot-dip aluminium zinc coating.
Njengamanje, ukukhiqizwa okuyinhloko e-China yi-aluminium ephansi ye-aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium, kanti amanye amabhizinisi afana ne-Shougang ne-Baosteel nawo angakhiqiza i-aluminium ephezulu ye-aluminium zinc aluminium magnesium. I-Zinc aluminium magnesium ayikwazi ukucutshungulwa ngokuqondile kuphela, kodwa futhi isebenza njenge-substrate yamakhoyili eshidi ahlanganiswe ngombala. Ekuqaleni kuka-2022, umqulu wokuqala wombala we-Baosteel Zhanjiang Steel wethulwa ngokusemthethweni futhi ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwaqala ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Isembozo sombala se-Baosteel Zhanjiang Steel singasebenzisa uhla olugcwele lwe-zinc aluminium magnesium njenge-substrate, okuyenza kube ukuphela kwesisekelo sokukhiqiza somhlaba wonke sohlu olugcwele lwezingubo zombala we-zinc aluminium magnesium.
Ukuziphatha kwemikhiqizo ye-zinc aluminium magnesium sekuyisihloko esishisayo njengamanje, esihlobene eduze nezici zayo ezinhle zomkhiqizo. Inzuzo enkulu yekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokuhlanganisa i-zinc aluminium magnesium ibonakala ekuphikeleni okuphezulu kokugqwala, okulandelwa ukusebenza kokucubungula.
Ithebula 1: Ukuqhathaniswa phakathi kweZinc Aluminium Magnesium Products kanye nePure Zinc Products
| Inombolo yomkhiqizo | Izici zomkhiqizo | Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kweZinc Aluminium Magnesium neZinc Emsulwa |
| 1 | Ukumelana nokugqwala okuyisicaba | Ukuhlolwa kokungathathi hlangothi kwesifutho sikasawoti: I-zinc aluminium magnesium coating iphakeme izikhathi ezi-3-10 kune-zinc yendabuko emsulwa. Ukugqwala kwe-atmospheric yesikhathi eside: I-Zinc aluminium ye-magnesium enamathela ingafinyelela izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-2 ngaphezu kwe-zinc ehlanzekile. |
| 2 | Ukumelana nokugqwala kokusikwa | Ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-zinc aluminium magnesium notch isikhundla kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwezingubo zendabuko ezihlanzekile ze-zinc. |
| 3 | I-coefficient yokungqubuzana okuphansi | I-friction coefficient ye-zinc aluminium enamathelayo iphansi ngo-15% kunaleyo ye-zinc emsulwa. |
| 4 | ukumelana nokugqoka | Ubulukhuni be-zinc aluminium coating ye-magnesium cishe buphindwe kathathu kokwe-zinc ehlanzekile |
Isizinda sokuthuthuka sisonke semikhiqizo yasekhaya ye-zinc aluminium magnesium
01 .Intuthuko ehlukanisiwe ngokuqhathaniswa yomthamo wokukhiqiza wokumboza
Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko esingenhla, ngaphambi kuka-2016, imikhiqizo yasekhaya ye-aluminium galvanized magnesium yayingenalutho. Njengoba kunamabhizinisi amaphakathi ambalwa, amabhizinisi kahulumeni, kanye namabhizinisi amakhulu azimele afaka kancane kancane angena emakethe yasekhaya, amandla okukhiqiza i-zinc aluminium magnesium ayakhula kancane kancane. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, amandla okukhiqiza i-zinc aluminium magnesium kulindeleke ukuthi abe cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyisi-7 ngonyaka, futhi umkhiqizo wamanje usesigabeni sokukhula ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, esimweni sokukhiqizwa kwensimbi okukhulu kwe-China Steel namandla okuhlanganisa amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-160, ingxenye isiyonke ye-zinc aluminium enamathelayo ye-magnesium isencane.
Ukuthuthukiswa kancane kancane kwemikhiqizo emisha kugqamisa umthamo wokukhiqiza owedlulele wayo yonke imboni yokumboza: nakuba amandla okukhiqiza okokumboza eChina makhulu, izinga lokusebenzisa umthamo wangempela wokukhiqiza lingaphansi kwama-60%, kanti amabhizinisi azimele awanele ngokokwakha. kanye nokusetshenziswa kwangempela. Imikhiqizo ye-aluminium egayiwe ye-magnesium inobunzima obuphezulu bezobuchwepheshe kanye nezidingo zenqubo, kanye nenani lemakethe elihle namathemba, futhi isiphenduke isiqondiso esishisayo sokucwaninga nokukhiqiza embonini efanayo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
02. Ngaphansi kokuncintisana okukhulu, kusekhona inzuzo ethile yemikhiqizo emisha
Umfanekiso 1: Ithrendi yentengo nomehluko wamanani phakathi kwe-zinc, i-aluminium, i-magnesium, ne-zinc plating e-Shanghai (iyunithi: yuan/ton)
Kusukela ngomhla ka-7 Disemba, ikhoyili yeshidi le-magnesium ye-Ansteel zinc 2.0mm eyinhloko yakwaMysteel emakethe yaseShanghai inenani elingu-5500 yuan/ton, kanti umkhiqizo ovamile wamagalani ongu-1.0mm Ansteel galvanized sheet coil unenani lama-yuan angu-4700/ton, futhi umehluko wentengo phakathi kwekhoyili yeshidi le-zinc aluminium magnesium ne-galvanized sheet coil 800 yuan/ton. Ngokokubalwa kongqimba lwezinc kanye nezimpawu zokumaka embonini yensimbi, ikhoyili yepuleti le-aluminium ye-zinc ingu-275g ungqimba lwezinc, futhi umaki we-zinc layer embonini yensimbi cishe u-300 yuan/ton. Ngokusekelwe kulesi sibalo, ngisho nemikhiqizo enogqinsi olufanayo lwezinki, intengo ye-zinc aluminium magnesium iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yamakhoyili eshidi, okufakazela ngokungaqondile ukuthi kusekhona inzuzo ethile yemikhiqizo ye-zinc aluminium magnesium, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ivela. umbono wabahwebi noma izigayo zensimbi. Yiqiniso, kufanelekile ukuphawula ukuthi ngo-July, umehluko wamanani phakathi kwe-zinc aluminium magnesium nekhoyili yeshidi likathayela wake wakhuphuka waya ku-1350 yuan/ton, wabe esehlala phakathi kuka-1000 yuan/ton, okubonisa ukuthi kukhona nokuncintisana okwamanje. imakethe ye-zinc aluminium magnesium. Umehluko wamanani phakathi kwe-Tianjin zinc aluminium magnesium kanye neshidi likathayela uyisibonelo esihle, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.
Emakethe yabathengi be-photovoltaic, ngaphezu kwemakethe ye-East China, kukhona nemakethe egxilile, okuyi-Tianjin, ikakhulukazi e-Daqiuzhuang. Le ndawo yokukhiqiza egxilile yabakaki be-photovoltaic nayo isibe inhloso eyinhloko yemishini eminingi yensimbi. Njengamanje, emakethe yaseTianjin, izinsiza ezinkulu ezijikelezayo zensimbi zihlanganisa izigayo zensimbi zikahulumeni iShougang, Ansteel, Tangshan Steel, ne-Handan Steel; Izigayo zensimbi ezizimele ezifana ne-Hebei Zhaojian, i-Tianjin Xinyu, i-Shandong Huafeng, njll. Ngokombono wokuqhathaniswa komehluko wamanani, umehluko wamanani phakathi kwe-Tianjin zinc aluminium magnesium kanye ne-zinc plating iphansi kakhulu kunaleyo emakethe yaseShanghai. Ukuze kuthathwe isabelo semakethe, izigayo zensimbi nazo zilungise izinqubomgomo zazo ngendlela efanele.
03 Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemboni ye-photovoltaic kumongo wamandla amasha kanye nemvelo yokunciphisa i-carbon
Imboni engaphansi komfula wemboni yezingubo zasekhaya ikhombisa ukuhluka, futhi isigaba sokukhula esishisayo sokusetshenziswa kwemoto nendlu kagesi sesidlulile, kodwa amandla amasha athuthuka ngokushesha. Ngomhla zingama-21 kuNovemba, iNational Passenger Car Market Joint Conference yakhipha umbiko mayelana nokuthambekela kwemakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha eChina: Ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla eChina kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba bekungamayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-5.59, okuwukukhula konyaka ngonyaka ngo-108.4%, ngenani lokungena elikhulayo lama-24.7% kanye nezinga lomnikelo elingaphezu kwama-80% ekukhuleni kwemakethe yezimoto. Ngokufanayo, esimweni sezwe elikhuthaza ngenkuthalo Ingqalasizinda Entsha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla amasha, isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwemboni ye-zinc aluminium magnesium sinendawo yokukhula kwesiteji namandla okuqhuma.
Imboni ye-photovoltaic yaseChina isifinyelele emazingeni ahamba phambili emhlabeni jikelele ezicini ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi kusukela ngo-2022, ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokuqubuka njalo kwe-COVID-19 kanye nokuwohloka komnotho, umfutho wentuthuko jikelele womkhakha we-photovoltaic uhlale uzinzile. Ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zamakota ka-2022, ukukhiqizwa kwe-China kwe-polycrystalline silicon, ama-silicon wafers, amabhethri, kanye nezingxenye kube nenqubekela phambili ebonakalayo, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwezixhumanisi ezihlukahlukene ochungechungeni lwezimboni kufinyelele izinga eliphezulu lomlando. Ubuchwepheshe bemboni buyaqhubeka nokusungula nokuthuthuka, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamaseli elanga e-silicon heterojunction kwenze irekhodi lomhlaba elisha lika-26.81%. Ukuphumelela okusha kwenziwe futhi ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni nasekuhlolweni komshayeli wamaseli e-perovskite astakiwe, futhi imodeli ye-"photovoltaic+" nayo ikhula njalo. Ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala, umthamo osanda kufakwa we-photovoltaics wasekhaya ufinyelele ku-52.6GW. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba, inani eliphelele lokuthunyelwa kwe-photovoltaics e-China lidlule ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-44, lisekela ngokuqinile isidingo esikhulayo sezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle ze-photovoltaics.
Ukuhlaziywa Kwamathemba Okuthuthukiswa Kwe-Zinc Aluminium Magnesium Sheet and Roll
01 Ukuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo izindinganiso zomkhiqizo emikhakheni yezicelo zemboni
Ngokumelene nesizinda sokukhula okusheshayo kumthamo wokukhiqiza we-coating jikelele, kusekhona isimo somthamo omkhulu wokukhiqiza we-coating onezinga eliphansi lokusebenzisa. Amabhizinisi azoqhubeka nokwandisa iziteshi zokuthengisa ezimakethe futhi andise isabelo semakethe. Ukuze ukwandiswa okuqhubekayo kwama-laminates ahlanganisiwe ngokwawo, kuyaqondakala, kodwa emncintiswaneni oqhubekayo wemboni, kukhona izinga elithile lokushintshwa phakathi kohlu olubanzi lwama-laminates ahlanganiswe nemiqulu.
Emkhakheni wemboni yomkhiqizo we-aluminium enamagneziyamu, ekuntulekeni kwamazinga omkhiqizo njengamanje, kubalulekile ukuthi amabhizinisi amakhulu kahulumeni e-China ahole ekwakhiweni kwamazinga afanelekile. Ukuze kumiswe ukuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa kwe-zinc aluminium magnesium, umkhiqizo omusha, kanye nethrekhi enempilo, uchwepheshe owaziwayo uSolwazi Xu Xiufei wase-China Metallurgical Corporation (MCC), ngokwesekwa nosizo lweKomidi Likazwelonke Lezinga Lensimbi, lihlele ukuhlanganisa okuhle kakhulu. amabhizinisi ezweni lonke ukuze abuyekeze izinga lemboni "I-Continuous Hot Dip Coated Steel Plate kanye ne-Strip for Construction". Ngokokuqala ngqa emhlabeni, zonke izakhi zokumboza, okuhlanganisa izigaba ezintathu ezinkulu ze-zinc aluminium magnesium, zafakwa ezingeni elifanayo, elingelona kuphela elilungele abathengi ukuba baqhathanise futhi basebenzise, Futhi lingakhuthaza ukukhethwa okunengqondo kwezinto zokwakha kanye imikhiqizo yokucwenga esezingeni eliphezulu futhi engabizi kakhulu.
Ngokuthuthuka kokuncintisana kwemikhiqizo ye-zinc aluminium magnesium yamabhizinisi asekhaya, umkhuba wokungenisa imikhiqizo ye-zinc aluminium magnesium evela phesheya ubuyiselwe emuva, futhi inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yezinga eliphezulu selithunyelwe emazweni athuthukile njengaseYurophu naseMelika. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, akuzange kuvimbele ukuhwebelana nokuthekelisa ngaphandle nje kuphela kwemikhiqizo yensimbi ye-zinc aluminium magnesium, kodwa futhi kubangele izithiyo zobuchwepheshe bezimboni. Ngakho-ke, ukulwela izinkulumo zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokwenza izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe kube yisinyathelo esikhulu sokuthi imikhiqizo yaseShayina ihambe emhlabeni jikelele. Kungalindelwa ukuthi ukukhuthazwa kwephrojekthi evamile yamazwe ngamazwe yamashidi e-zinc aluminium magnesium kuzovula isimo esisha ukuze amabhizinisi aseShayina ahlanganiswe ngamashidi ukuze aqhudelane esiteji samazwe ngamazwe.
02 Ukuthuthukiswa kwekusasa lomkhiqizo kusafanele ukubhekelwa ngabomvu
Ingcindezi ebhekene ne-coated sheet kanye nemboni yamakhoyili ayinakuqiniswa. Umthamo omningi usenzima, futhi isikhungo samanani sisantekenteke. Izinga lokukhula kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni zasekhaya njengemishini yasendlini nezimoto lizoqhubeka nokwehla, okwenza kube nzima ukukhulisa isidingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo yemboni yamashidi ensimbi, okuhlanganisa nemikhiqizo eboshiwe, iyaqhubeka nokwehla, futhi ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi kuzoqhubeka nokwandisa ukushintshwa kwemboni.
Kodwa-ke, imikhiqizo ye-aluminium galvanized magnesium inemisebenzi yomkhiqizo eyingqayizivele kanye nezimfanelo zohlelo lokusebenza ezisekelwe emikhiqizweni yokumboza, futhi umkhawulo wezobuchwepheshe ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe usaphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kumaphrojekthi abalulekile kanye nezimboni zabathengi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezisezingeni eliphezulu kusakhula, futhi izindawo zayo zokusetshenziswa zisakhula. Amathemba entuthuko yesikhathi esizayo asafanele ukubhekwa phambili. Uma umuntu engakwazi ukujoyina uhlu olumhlophe lwamabhizinisi okuthenga, uzophinde abe nethuba eliyingqayizivele kulo mncintiswano.
Umncintiswano wamanje wezimakethe we-aluminium ephansi ye-aluminium aluminium magnesium uye wakhula kancane kancane, futhi ayanda amabhizinisi ajoyina ekukhiqizeni nasekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo ye-zinc aluminium magnesium ukuze kwabelwane ngenzuzo yomkhiqizo. Ngokusekelwe ezicini zabathengi namathrendi okuthuthukiswa kwemboni, kunconywa ukubeka phambili ukubekwa kwemikhiqizo ye-magnesium ye-aluminium ethathiwe ekuqondeni (okumaphakathi) kwe-aluminium ephezulu ye-aluminium aluminium. Imakethe ekhanyayo kanye nenzuzo enkulu yemali yomkhakha yilokho kanye wonke umuntu akubheke ngabomvu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-04-2023
