1. Uhlelo Lokuhlola Izakhiwo Zangaphandle Eziluhlaza
Emazweni angaphandle, izinhlelo zokuhlola izakhiwo eziluhlaza ezimele ngokuyinhloko zihlanganisa uhlelo lokuhlola lwe-BREEAM e-UK, uhlelo lokuhlola lwe-LEED e-US, kanye nesistimu yokuhlola ye-CASBEE yase-Japan.
(1) Uhlelo Lokuhlola Lwe-BREEAM e-UK
Umgomo wohlelo lokuhlola lwe-BREEAM ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wezakhiwo, kanye nokuqinisekisa nokuklomelisa abenza kahle kakhulu ezigabeni zokuklama, zokwakha, nezokukhanda ngokusetha amazinga wamaphuzu. Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda nokwamukela, i-BREEAM isebenzisa ukwakheka kokuhlola okusobala, okuvulekile, nokulula. Zonke "izigaba zokuhlola" zihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezihlukene zokusebenza kwemvelo, okwenza kube lula ukwengeza noma ukususa izigaba zokuhlola lapho kulungiswa i-BREEAM ngokusekelwe ezinguqukweni ezingokoqobo. Uma isakhiwo esilinganisiwe sihlangabezana noma sihlangabezana nezidingo zezinga elithile lokuhlola, sizothola amaphuzu athile, futhi wonke amaphuzu azoqoqwa ukuze kutholwe amaphuzu wokugcina. I-BREEAM izonikeza amazinga amahlanu okuhlola ngokusekelwe kumphumela wokugcina otholwe yisakhiwo, okungukuthi "pasa", "kuhle", "okuvelele", "okuvelele", kanye "Okuvelele". Ekugcineni, i-BREEAM izonikeza isakhiwo esihloliwe "iziqu zokuhlola" ezisemthethweni.
(2) Uhlelo lokuhlola lwe-LEED e-United States
Ukuze kufinyelelwe umgomo wokuchaza nokulinganisa izinga "eliluhlaza" lezakhiwo ezisimeme ngokudala nokusebenzisa izindinganiso eziqashelwa kabanzi, amathuluzi, namazinga okuhlola ukusebenza kokwakha, i-American Green Building Association (USGBC) iqale ukubhalwa kwe-Energy and Environmental Design. Iphayona ngo-1995. Ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lokuhlola lwe-BREEAM e-UK kanye nombandela wokuhlola we-BEPAC wokwakha ukusebenza kwemvelo e-Canada, i-LEED selusunguliwe uhlelo lokuhlola.
1. Okuqukethwe kohlelo lokuhlola lwe-LEED
Ekuqaleni kokusungulwa kwayo, i-LEED yayigxile kuphela ezakhiweni ezintsha namaphrojekthi okuvuselela izakhiwo (LEED-NC). Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesistimu, kancane kancane yathuthuka yaba eziyisithupha ezihlobene kodwa ngokugcizelela okuhlukile kumazinga okuhlola.
2. Izici zohlelo lokuhlola lwe-LEED
I-LEED iwuhlelo oluyimfihlo, olusekelwe ekuvumelaneni, noluqhutshwa yimakethe lokuhlola izakhiwo eziluhlaza. Uhlelo lokuhlola, izimiso ezihlongozwayo zokonga amandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nezinyathelo ezihlobene zisekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe emakethe yamanje, kuyilapho futhi ilwela ukuzuza ukulingana okuhle phakathi kokuthembela ezenzweni zendabuko kanye nokukhuthaza imiqondo esafufusa.
I-TianjinI-Yuantai DerunI-Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group Co., Ltd. ingelinye lamabhizinisi ambalwa e-China anesitifiketi se-LEED. Amapayipi ensimbi esakhiwo akhiqizwa, kufaka phakathiamapayipi ayisikwele, amapayipi angama-rectangular, amapayipi ayindilinga, futhiamapayipi ensimbi angavamile, zonke zihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanele zezakhiwo eziluhlaza noma izakhiwo zemishini eziluhlaza. Kubathengi bephrojekthi nobunjiniyela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthenga amapayipi ensimbi ahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanele zezakhiwo eziluhlaza, Inquma ngokuqondile ukusebenza okuluhlaza kanye nokuvumelana nemvelo kwephrojekthi yakho. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nephrojekthi yepayipi lensimbi eluhlaza, sicelaxhumana nomphathi wethu wamakhasimende ngokushesha
(3) Uhlelo Lokuhlola I-CASBEE e-Japan
I-CaseBee (Uhlelo Lokuhlola Oluphelele Lokwakha Ukusebenza Kwendawo Ezungezile) indlela ephelele yokuhlola ukusebenza kwemvelo e-Japan ihlola izakhiwo zokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene nezikali ngokusekelwe encazelweni "yokusebenza kahle kwemvelo". Izama ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwezakhiwo ekwehliseni umthwalo wemvelo ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezingaphansi kokusebenza kwemvelo okulinganiselwe.
Ihlukanisa uhlelo lokuhlola lube yi-Q (ukwakha ukusebenza kwemvelo, ikhwalithi) kanye ne-LR (ukunciphisa umthwalo wokwakha imvelo). Ukusebenza nekhwalithi yendawo yokwakha ihlanganisa:
Q1- imvelo yangaphakathi;
Q2- Ukusebenza kwesevisi;
Q3- Imvelo yangaphandle.
Umthwalo wemvelo wesakhiwo uhlanganisa:
LR1- Amandla;
LR2- Izinsiza, Izinto;
LR3- Imvelo yangaphandle yendawo yokwakha. Iphrojekthi ngayinye iqukethe izinto ezimbalwa ezincane.
I-CaseBee isebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlola lwamaphuzu angu-5. Ukwanelisa imfuneko encane ikalwe njengo-1; Ukufinyelela izinga elimaphakathi kukalwe njengokungu-3.
Isikolo sokugcina se-Q noma i-LR yephrojekthi ebambe iqhaza siyisamba samaphuzu ento ngayinye encane ephindaphindwa ngama-coefficients esisindo ahambisanayo, okuholela ku-SQ ne-SLR. Imiphumela yamaphuzu iboniswa kuthebula lokuhlukanisa, bese kubalwa ukusebenza kahle kwemvelo kwesakhiwo, okungukuthi, inani lenyosi.
Izikolo ezingaphansi ze-Q kanye ne-LR ku-CaseBee zingathulwa ngendlela yeshadi lebha, kuyilapho amanani e-Bee angavezwa kusistimu yokuhlanganisa kanambambili ngokusebenza kokwakhiwa kwemvelo, ikhwalithi, nomthwalo wokwakha indawo ezungezile njengezimbazo ezingu-x kanye no-y, kanye nokusimama kwesakhiwo kungahlolwa ngokusekelwe endaweni yaso.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-11-2023
