(1) Ukuhlanza i-solvent ye-organic

Ikakhulukazi isebenzisa izinyibilikisi zemvelo ukuncibilikisa uwoyela we-saponified kanye ne-unsaponified ukususa amabala kawoyela. Izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa i-ethanol, uphethiloli wokuhlanza, i-toluene, i-carbon tetrachloride, i-trichlorethylene, njll. Izincibilikisi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu yi-carbon tetrachloride ne-trichlorethylene, engeke ivuthe futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwamafutha emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngemuva kokususwa kwamafutha nge-solvent ephilayo, ukususwa kwamafutha okungeziwe kufanele kwenziwe. Lapho i-solvent ishintshashintsha ebusweni be-ithubhu elingunxande, ngokuvamile kunefilimu encane esele, engasuswa ezinkambisweni ezilandelayo ezifana nokuhlanza i-alkali nokususwa kwamafutha e-electrochemical.

(2) Ukuhlanzwa kwe-electrochemical

Ukususwa kwamafutha e-Cathode noma okunye ukusetshenziswa kwe-anode ne-cathode kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Igesi ye-hydrogen ehlukaniswe ne-cathode noma igesi ye-oxygen ehlukaniswe ne-anode ngokusabela kwe-electrochemical inyakaziswa yisisombululo esiphezu kwendawo.ithubhu elingunxandeukukhuthaza ibala lamafutha ukubaleka endaweni yensimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isixazululo sishintshaniswa ngokuqhubekayo, okuhambisana nokusabela kwe-saponification kanye ne-emulsification yamafutha. Amafutha asele azohlukaniswa ebusweni bensimbi ngaphansi kwethonya lama-bubbles ahlukaniswe ngokuqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwe-cathodic degreasing, i-hydrogen ivame ukungena ensimbi, ibangele i-hydrogen embrittlement. Ukuze kuvinjwe i-hydrogen embrittlement, i-cathode ne-anode ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukususa uwoyela ngokushintshana.

(3) Ukuhlanzwa kwe-alkali

Indlela yokuhlanza esekelwe esenzweni samakhemikhali e-alkali isetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo okulula, intengo ephansi nokutholakala kalula kwezinto zokusetshenziswa. Njengoba inqubo yokugeza i-alkali incike ku-saponification, emulsification neminye imisebenzi, i-alkali eyodwa ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukufeza lokhu kusebenza okungenhla. Izinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye zivame ukusetshenziswa, futhi izithasiselo ezifana nama-surfactants ngezinye izikhathi ziyengezwa. I-alkalinity inquma izinga lokusabela kwe-saponification, futhi i-alkalinity ephezulu inciphisa ukungezwani kwendawo phakathi kukawoyela nesisombululo, okwenza uwoyela ufakwe kalula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ejenti yokuhlanza esele phezu kwe-ingxenye engenalutho engunxandeingasuswa ngokugeza ngamanzi ngemva kokugeza i-alkali.

(4) Ukuhlanzwa kwe-surfactant

Kuyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi yokususa uwoyela ngokusebenzisa izici ze-surfactant ezifana nokushuba kwesimo esiphansi, ukumanzisa okuhle kanye nekhono eliqinile le-emulsifying. Ngokufakwa kwe-emulsification ye-surfactant, imaskhi yobuso obuhlangene nobuso obunamandla athile iyakhiwa ku-interface kawoyela-amanzi ukuze iguqule isimo se-interface, ukuze izinhlayiya zikawoyela zihlakazwe kusixazululo samanzi ukuze zenze i-emulsion. Noma ngesenzo sokuncibilika se-surfactant, ibala likawoyela elingancibiliki emanzini ku-ithubhu elingunxandeiyancibilika ku-micelle ye-surfactant, ukuze idlulisele ibala lamafutha kwisisombululo esinamanzi.