Isingeniso:
Izinzuzo Zemvelo, Impilo kanye Nezomnotho - Siyini ngempela Isitifiketi se-LEED? Kungani ibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zanamuhla?
Namuhla, ziyanda izici ezibeka indawo ezungezile engozini ekuphileni kwethu kwanamuhla kwezenhlalo. Izinhlelo zengqalasizinda ezingalawuleki, udoti wepulasitiki kanye nokwanda kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni konke kuyimbangela yalesi simo. Nokho, muva nje abantu baye babona isidingo sokuvikela indawo ezungezile ekulimaleni. Njengengxenye yalo mzamo, ohulumeni basebenzela ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni embonini yezokwakha. Ukunciphisa ukungcola kungafinyelelwa ngokuthenga imikhiqizo esimeme nokusebenzisa izindlela zokwakha ezisimeme.
Ngesidingo esikhulayo sezakhiwo ezisimeme, isitifiketi se-LEED siletha imboni yezokwakha isinyathelo esisodwa eduze nokuzuza ukusimama.
- Iyini i-LEED Certification?
I-LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) iwuhlelo lokuhlola isakhiwo esiluhlaza. Inhloso ukwehlisa ngempumelelo umthelela omubi endaweni kanye nabahlali ekwakhiweni. Inhloso wukumisa umqondo ophelele nonembayo wezakhiwo eziluhlaza kanye nokuvimbela ukuluhlaza okweqile kwezakhiwo. I-LEED yasungulwa yi-United States Green Building Council futhi yaqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-2000. Ifakwe ohlwini njengezinga eliphoqelekile elisemthethweni kwezinye izifundazwe nasemazweni ase-United States.
I-LEED imele ubuholi kumandla kanye nokwakhiwa kwemvelo. II-United States Green Building Council (USGBC)ithuthukise isitifiketi se-LEED. Idale i-LEED ukusiza ukudala izakhiwo eziluhlaza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-LEED iqinisekisa izakhiwo ezinobungani bemvelo. Lesi sitifiketi sihlola ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezihlukahlukene.
I-USGBC iklomelisa amazinga amane esitifiketi se-LEED ezakhiweni ezibambe iqhaza ohlelweni. Inani lamaphuzu elitholwa yizakhiwo linquma izinga lazo. Lawa maleveli yilawa:
- Izakhiwo eziqinisekisiwe ze-LEED (amaphoyinti angama-40-49)
- I-LEED Silver Building (50-59 amaphuzu)
- I-LEED Gold Building (60-79 amaphuzu)
- I-LEED Platinum Building (amaphuzu angu-80 nangaphezulu)
Ngokusho kwe-United States Green Building Council, isitifiketi se-LEED uphawu oluqashelwa umhlaba wonke lokuphumelela kokusimama.
Inani lesitifiketi se-LEED ekwakhiweni kwesimanjemanje
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinzuzo zesitifiketi se-LEED? Ingxenye enkulu yabantu emhlabeni iphila, iyasebenza futhi ifunda ezakhiweni ezinezitifiketi ze-LEED. Izizathu zokuthi kungani isitifiketi se-LEED sibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesimanje zifaka:
inzuzo yezemvelo
Ngokwesibonelo, e-United States, izakhiwo zenza ingxenye enkulu yesizwe samandla, amanzi nogesi. Iphinde ibe nengxenye enkulu yokukhishwa kwe-CO2 (cishe ama-40%). Kodwa-ke, iphrojekthi ye-LEED isiza izakhiwo ezintsha nezikhona ukuthi zithole indlela eqhubekayo. Enye yezinzuzo zokwakha okuluhlaza nge-LEED ukonga amanzi.
I-LEED ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi amancane namanzi emvula. Iphinde ikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kweminye imithombo yamanzi. Ngale ndlela, ukonga amanzi kwezakhiwo ze-LEED kuzokhula. Izakhiwo zikhiqiza cishe uhhafu wokukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni jikelele. Imithombo yekhabhoni ezakhiweni ihlanganisa amandla okumpompa nokuhlanza amanzi. Eminye imithombo ukuhlanzwa kukadoti kanye nezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi zokushisisa nokupholisa.
I-LEED isiza ukwehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO 2 ngokuklomelisa ingqikithi yamaphrojekthi akhishwa yiziro. Iphinde iklomelise amaphrojekthi akhiqiza izinzuzo ezinhle zamandla. Izakhiwo eziqinisekisiwe ze-LEED nazo zikhiqiza ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa okuncane. Lokhu kukhishwa ngokuvamile kuvela emanzini, imfucumfucu eqinile kanye nezokuthutha. Enye inzuzo yezemvelo yesitifiketi se-LEED ukuthi ikhuthaza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Imboni yezokwakha ikhiqiza izigidi zamathani emfucuza minyaka yonke. I-LEED ikhuthaza ukudluliswa kwemfucuza ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza. Iphinde iklomelise ukuphathwa kwemfucuza yokwakha esimeme futhi ikhuthaze umnotho oyindilinga jikelele. Bathola amaphuzu lapho iphrojekthi igaya kabusha, iphinda isebenzise futhi igaya kabusha izinto. Baphinde bathole amaphuzu lapho besebenzisa izinto ezisimeme.
Izinzuzo zezempilo
Impilo yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kubantu abaningi. Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokulinganisa lwe-LEED ukwakha izakhiwo eziluhlaza kuzosiza abantu baphile futhi basebenze endaweni enempilo. Izakhiwo ze-LEED zigxile empilweni yomuntu yangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Abantu bachitha cishe u-90% wesikhathi sabo besendlini. Kodwa-ke, ukugcwala kokungcola kwasendlini kungase kuphindwe kabili kuya kahlanu kunokungcola kwangaphandle. Imiphumela yezempilo yokungcola okutholakala emoyeni osendlini ibuhlungu bekhanda. Eminye imiphumela ukukhathala, isifo senhliziyo kanye nezifo zokuphefumula.
I-LEED ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya wasendlini ngesistimu yayo yokulinganisa. Izindawo zokuhlala eziqinisekisiwe ze-LEED zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngomoya ohlanzekile nongcono wasendlini. I-LEED iphinde ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhala ezithola ukukhanya kwasemini. Lezi zikhala azinawo amakhemikhali acasulayo avame ukuba khona kupende.
Esakhiweni samahhovisi, indawo enempilo yasendlini ingathuthukisa ukuzibandakanya kwabasebenzi. Indawo enjalo inomoya ohlanzekile nokukhanya kwelanga okwanele. Ezinye zezinzuzo zezakhiwo eziqinisekisiwe ze-LEED zifaka amanani okuqashwa aphezulu kanye namazinga okugcina. Endaweni enempilo enjalo, ukusebenza kahle kwabasebenzi nakho kuphezulu.
Izakhiwo eziqinisekisiwe ze-LEED zingathuthukisa izinga lomoya wangaphandle, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithuthuke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-LEED ibalulekile ekunciphiseni intuthu. Kubalulekile futhi ukwenza umoya womphakathi uphile kahle.
ukusebenza komnotho
I-LEED ingasiza ukonga izindleko. Ukusetshenziswa kokukhanyisa kwe-LED kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zamandla. Kungokufanayo nezindlela zokufudumeza ezonga amandla nezindlela zokupholisa. I-LEED ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela zokonga ugesi nezokonga.
Izakhiwo ze-LEED nazo zinezindleko eziphansi zokulungisa. Okusho ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo ezijwayelekile zokuhweba. Izindleko zokusebenza zezakhiwo eziluhlaza nazo ziphansi.
Izakhiwo ezinezitifiketi ze-LEED nazo zijabulela izinzuzo zentela kanye nezinzuzo. Ohulumeni abaningi basekhaya banikeza lezi zinzuzo. Lezi zinzuzo zihlanganisa amakhredithi entela, izimali ezibanjwayo kanye nezibonelelo. Isakhiwo singajabulela nezimvume zokwakha eziphuthumayo kanye nokukhululeka kwezindleko.
Ezinye izindawo zenza ukuhlolwa kwamandla. Isitifiketi se-LEED sivumela amabhilidi ukuthi akhululwe ekucwaningweni kwamabhuku, ngaleyo ndlela konga izimali zephrojekthi. Izakhiwo ze-LEED nazo zengeza inani lesakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zakhiwo ziheha abaqashi. Izinga lezikhala zezakhiwo eziluhlaza liphansi kunezakhiwo ezingezona eziluhlaza.
Isitifiketi se-LEED siphinde sinikeze inzuzo yokuncintisana. Muva nje, amakhasimende aye aqaphela kakhulu imvelo. Abantu abaningi bazimisele ukukhokha imali eyengeziwe ngezimpahla nemisebenzi yezinkampani ezikhathalela imvelo. Amakhasimende amaningi asho imali engenayo eyengeziwe.
finyeza
I-LEED ingelinye lamaphrojekthi aphezulu wamazwe ngamazwe wokuthuthukiswa okusimeme ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo nokwakhiwa. Isitifiketi se-LEED sibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokwakha ezikhuthaza umnotho oyindilinga futhi ezihambisana nemvelo. Ukuthola isitifiketi kungathuthukisa isithunzi sosonkontileka nabanikazi.
Ngokukhula kwesidingo sokusimama, isitifiketi se-LEED sesibaluleke kakhulu. Izuzisa imboni yezokwakha futhi ivula indlela yesimiso sokuziphatha sokwakha okusimeme. Ngokuvamile, i-LEED izibophezele ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi umhlaba uzinzile futhi unempilo.
Yiqiniso, ngaphezu kwe-LEED, uhlelo lokuhlola izakhiwo eziluhlaza emhlabeni wonke luhlanganisa:Ukuhlola Isakhiwo Esiluhlaza saseChinaI-GB50378-2014 ejwayelekile, iUkuhlolwa Kwezakhiwo ZaseBritish GreenIsistimu (BREE-AM), iUhlelo Lokuhlola Ukusebenza Kwemvelo KwaseJapane Oluphelele(CASBEE), kanye neI-French Green Building Evaluation System(HQE). Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhonaUmhlahlandlela wokwakha wemvelo waseJalimanes LN B,Ukuhlola imvelo yokwakha yase-Australiaumzimba N ABERS, kanyeUkuhlola Amathuluzi e-GB yaseCanadauhlelo.
I-Tianjin Yuantai Iqembu Lokukhiqiza Ipayipi Lensimbi, njengomunye wabakhiqizi abambalwa bamapayipi ayisikwele nonxande e-China abathole isitifiketi se-LEED ekuqaleni, ithengisa kakhulu imikhiqizo elandelayo:
I-Yuantai Enkulu Ipayipi Lensimbi Eyisikwele
Ipayipi lensimbi ye-Yuantai engenamthungo
Ipayipi lensimbi elingunxande eliwugqinsi weYuantai
Ipayipi lensimbi elingunxande elinezindonga ezincane ze-Yuantai
Yuantai Brand profiled steel ingxenye ongenalutho
Ipayipi lensimbi le-Yuantai eliyindilinga eliqondile
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-04-2023
